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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acellular
|
lacking cells |
|
acute disease
|
disease where the symptoms rise and fall within a short period of time |
|
asymptomatic disease
|
disease where there are no symptoms and the individual is unaware of being infected unless lab tests are performed |
|
attenuation
|
weakening of a virus during vaccine development |
|
AZT
|
anti-HIV drug that inhibits the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase |
|
back mutation
|
when a live virus vaccine reverts back to it disease-causing phenotype |
|
bacteriophage
|
virus that infects bacteria |
|
budding
|
method of exit from the cell used in certain animal viruses, where virions leave the cell individually by capturing a piece of the host plasma membrane |
|
capsid
|
protein coating of the viral core |
|
capsomere
|
protein subunit that makes up the capsid |
|
cell necrosis
|
cell death |
|
chronic infection
|
describes when the virus persists in the body for a long period of time |
|
cytopathic
|
causing cell damage |
|
envelope
|
lipid bilayer that envelopes some viruses |
|
fusion
|
method of entry by some enveloped viruses, where the viral envelope fuses with the plasma membrane of the host cell |
|
gall
|
appearance of a plant tumor |
|
gene therapy
|
treatment of genetic disease by adding genes, using viruses to carry the new genes inside the cell |
|
group I virus
|
virus with a dsDNA genome |
|
group II virus
|
virus with a ssDNA genome |
|
group III virus
|
virus with a dsRNA genome |
|
group IV virus
|
virus with a ssRNA genome with positive polarity |
|
group V virus
|
virus with a ssRNA genome with negative polarity |
|
group VI virus
|
virus with a ssRNA genomes converted into dsDNA by reverse transcriptase |
|
group VII virus
|
virus with a single-stranded mRNA converted into dsDNA for genome replication |
|
horizontal transmission
|
transmission of a disease from parent to offspring |
|
hyperplasia
|
abnormally high cell growth and division |
|
hypoplasia
|
abnormally low cell growth and division |
|
intermittent symptom
|
symptom that occurs periodically |
|
latency
|
virus that remains in the body for a long period of time but only causes intermittent symptoms |
|
lysis
|
bursting of a cell |
|
lysogenic cycle
|
type of virus replication in which the viral genome is incorporated into the genome of the host cell |
|
lytic cycle
|
type of virus replication in which virions are released through lysis, or bursting, of the cell |
|
matrix protein
|
envelope protein that stabilizes the envelope and often plays a role in the assembly of progeny virions |
|
negative polarity
|
ssRNA viruses with genomes complimentary to their mRNA |
|
oncolytic virus
|
virus engineered to specifically infect and kill cancer cells |
|
permissive
|
cell type that is able to support productive replication of a virus |
|
phage therapy
|
treatment of bacterial diseases using bacteriophages specific to a particular bacterium |
|
positive polarity
|
ssRNA virus with a genome that contains the same base sequences and codons found in their mRNA |
|
prion
|
infectious particle that consists of proteins that replicate without DNA or RNA |
|
prophage
|
phage DNA that is incorporated into the host cell genome |
|
PrPc
|
normal prion protein |
|
PrPsc
|
infectious form of a prion protein |
|
replicative intermediate
|
dsRNA intermediate made in the process of copying genomic RNA |
|
reverse transcriptase
|
enzyme found in Baltimore groups VI and VII that converts single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA |
|
vaccine
|
weakened solution of virus components, viruses, or other agents that produce an immune response |
|
vertical transmission
|
transmission of disease between unrelated individuals |
|
viral receptor
|
glycoprotein used to attach a virus to host cells via molecules on the cell |
|
viroid
|
plant pathogen that produces only a single, specific RNA |
|
virus core
|
contains the virus genome |
|
oncogenic virus |
virus that has the ability to cause cancer |
|
pathogen |
agent with the ability to cause disease |
|
productive |
viral infection that leads to the production of new virions |
|
virion |
individual virus particle outside a host cell |