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33 Cards in this Set
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The crest of the wave causing tides. Another name for a tidal bore. (Not a tsunami or seismic sea wave.)
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Tidal Wave
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Long-wavelength shallow-water wave caused by rapid displacement of water. See also seismic sea wave.
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Tsunami
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A time of no tide-induced currents that occurs when the current changes direction
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slack water
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Tsunami caused by displacement of the Earth along a fault. (Earthquakes and seismic sea waves are caused by the same phenomenon.)
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seismic sea wave
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Water rushing into an enclosed harbor or bay because of the rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches
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Flood Current
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A tidal cycle of two high tides and two low tides each lunar day, with the high tides of nearly equal height
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semidiurnal tide
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Water rushing out of an enclosed harbor or bay because of the fall in sea level as a tide trough approaches
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ebb current
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Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of moon and Earth
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lunar tide
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The point in the orbit of a satellite farthest from the main body; opposite of perigee.
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apogee
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The low water position corresponding to a tidal trough
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low tide
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The high water position corresponding to a tidal crest
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high tide
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The time of greatest variation between high and low tides occurring when Earth, moon, and sun form a straight line. Spring tides alternate with neap tides throughout the year, occurring at two-week intervals
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Spring tide
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A wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. There is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave
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Standing Wave
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The height of the ocean surface averaged over a few years time.
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mean sea level
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A complex tidal cycle, usually with two high tides and two low tides of unequal height per day.
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mixed tide
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The point in the orbit of a satellite where it is closest to the sun; opposite of aphelion.
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perihelion
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The time of smallest variation between high and low tides occurring when Earth, moon, and sun align at right angles. Neap tides alternate with spring tides, occurring at two-week intervals.
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neap tide
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A "no-tide" point in an ocean caused by basin resonance, friction, and other factors around which tide crests rotate. About a dozen amphidromic points exist in the world ocean. Sometimes called a node.
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amphidromic point
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A tide influenced by the weather. Arrival of a storm surge will alter the estimate of a tide's height or arrival time; as will a strong, steady onshore or offshore wind
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meteorological tide
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The line or point of no wave action in a standing pattern. See also amphidromic point.
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Node
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The point in the orbit of a satellite where it is farthest from the sun
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aphelion
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A tidal cycle of one high tide and one low tide per day
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Diurnal Tide
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Model of tides that takes into account the effects of finite ocean depth, basin resonance, and the interference of continents on tide waves
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dynamic theory of tides
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Idealized model of tides that considers Earth to be covered by an ocean of great and uniform depth capable of instantaneous response to the gravitational and inertial forces of the sun and moon
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equilibrium theory of tides
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The point in the orbit of a satellite where it is closest to the main body; opposite of apogee.
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perigee
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Tide caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the sun and Earth
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Solar Tide
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Pendulum-like rocking of water in an enclosed area; a form of standing wave that can be caused by meteorological or seismic forces, or that may result from normal resonance excited by tides
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seiche
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An unusual rise in sea level as a result of the low atmospheric pressure and strong winds associated with a tropical cyclone. Onrushing seawater precedes landfall of the tropical cyclone and causes most of the damage to life and property.
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Storm surge
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A high, often breaking wave generated by a tide crest that advances rapidly up an estuary or river
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Tidal Bore
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Mass flow of water induced by the raising or lowering of sea level owing to passage of tidal crests or troughs. See also ebb current; flood current.
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Tidal Current
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Periodic short-term change in the height of the ocean surface at a particular place, generated by long-wavelength progressive waves that are caused by the interaction of gravitational force and inertia. Movement of Earth beneath tide crests results in the rhythmic rising and falling of sea level.
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Tide
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The reference level (0.0) from which tidal height is measured
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Tidal Datum
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The difference in height between consecutive high and low tides
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Tidal Range
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