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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In a quantitative research report, a review of prior research on the problem under study is most likely to be found in the:
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Introduction
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In which section would the following sentence most likely appear: “The results may have been influenced by the patients' realization that they were participating in a scientific study”?
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Discussion
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Ethical Dilemma in Conducting Research:
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•A situation in which the rights of study participants are in direct conflict with requirements for a rigorous study.
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Codes of Ethics includes:
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•Nuremberg Code
•Declaration of Helsinki •Belmont Report •Government-imposed codes •Codes for professional disciplines (e.g., by the American Nurses’ Association) |
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What are the 3 primary etical principles of the Belmont Report?
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• Principle of Beneficence: Above all, do no harm
• Principle of Respect for Human Dignity ~justice |
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Beneficence
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Right to protection from harm and discomfort
–Beneficence—maximize good –Non-maleficence —minimize harm •Right to protection from exploitation |
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Respect for Human Dignity
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•Right to self-determination (absence of coercion)
•Right to full disclosure (absence of deception or concealment) |
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Right to self-determination (absence of coercion)
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means that prospective perticipants have the right to decide wheter to participate in a study, without the risk of incurring adverse consequences.
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•Right to full disclosure (absence of deception or concealment)
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the researcher has fully described the nature of the study, the persons right to refuse participation, the researchers responsibilities, and the risks and benefits.
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Procedures for Protecting Study Participants
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•Risk-benefit assessments
•Informed consent •Confidentiality procedures •Debriefings and referrals •Treatment of vulnerable groups •Institutional Review Boards and external reviews |
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Informed consent means that participants:
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•have adequate information about the research
•can comprehend that information •have free choice in deciding whether to participate in or withdraw from the study |
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Researchers document the informed consent process by having participants sign a ______.
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consent form
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What does implied consent mean?
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that the return of a completed questionaire reflects the respondants voluntary consent to participate.
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What is process consent refer to?
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consent that is ongoing, transactional process
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A participants right to privancy is protected under what 2 procedures?
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•Anonymity
•Confidentiality Pledge |
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Anonymity
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when the researcher can not link a participant
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Confidentiality Pledge
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pledge that any info provided will not be reported or made accessible.
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The regulations affecting the ethical conduct of research sponsored by the federal government were based on the:
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Belmont Report
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If a researcher unobtrusively studies interactions among patients in a psychiatric hospital, which ethical principle may be violated?
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Right to self-determination
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Confidentiality of study participants can be increased by:
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Avoiding the collection of any identifying information
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