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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Enforcement of medication laws currently rests with the ____.
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FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
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The ___ sets standards for medication strength, quality and purity.
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USP (United States Pharmacopeia)
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The primary intent of the ___ is to protect the public from unskilled, undereducated and unlicensed personnel.
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NPA (Nurse Practice Act)
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_____ produces the most rapid absorption because medications are immediately available when they enter the systemic circulation.
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Intravenous injections
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Medications that are ___ are not absorbed before reaching the small intestine.
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basic
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___ medications pass through the gastric mucosa rapidly.
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Acidic
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The BBB allows only ___ medications to pass into the brain and cerebral spinal fluid.
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fat-soluble
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this is why central nervous system infections often require treatment with antibiotics injected directly into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord.
The placental membrane has non-selective barrier. |
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When medications bind to ____ they cannot exert pharmacological activity.
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albumin
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-only the free medicine in the blood is in active form
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_____ occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, degrade and remove biologically active chemicals.
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Biotransformation
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True/False
Deep breathing and coughing help the postoperative patient get rid of anesthetic gases more rapidly. |
True
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The ___ is the expected or predictable physiological response a medication causes.
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therapeutic effect
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-knowing the desired therapeutic effect for each medication allows the nurse to provide client education and evaluate the medications effect.
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___ are unintended, undesirable and often unpredictable severe responses to meds.
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Adverse effects
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-happen right away, but sometimes takes weeks or months to develop.
-Med Watch can be used to report adverse effects |
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___ develop after prolonged intake of a medication or when medication accumulates in the blood.
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Toxic effects
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-narcan reverses the effects of opioid toxicity; this is called an antidote
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Medications sometimes cause unpredictable effects such as ____, in which a client overreacts or underreacts to a med.
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idiosyncratic reaction
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____ are life threatening, and cause bronchiolar constriction, edema, wheezing and SOB.
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Anaphylactic
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____ occurs when one medication modifies the other.
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Medication interaction
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When two medications have a _____ the combined effect of the two is greater than separate.
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synergistic effect
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Ex. the effect of alcohol on certain medications
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True/False
Medications typically peak just before the body is about to absorb the last of it. |
True
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The ____ is the time it takes for excretion processes to lower the serum medication concentration by half.
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serum half-life
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-pain medication works best when given around the clock because each dose is given at the previous doses half-life.
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AC
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before meals
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ad lib
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as desired
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twice a day
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do not abbreviate
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h or hr
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hour
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At bedtime
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nightly or at bedtime
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PC
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after meals
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as needed
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prn
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Every morning
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qAM
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Every day
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daily
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Every hour
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qH
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Every 2 hours
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q2h
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4 times a day
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do not abbreviate
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give immediately
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STAT
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3 times a day
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do not abbreviate
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An ____ injection is given into the dermis just under the epidermis.
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intradermal (ID)
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___ injections are given into tissues just below the dermis of the skin.
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Subcutaneous (Sub-Q)
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An injection into the muscle
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intramuscular (IM)
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An ____ is given directly into a vein.
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intravenous (IV)
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A medication given by the ___ route should be placed under the tongue to dissolve.
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sublingual
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buccal route is against the cheek
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A nurse has ___min. to administer a now order.
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90
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___ refers to comparing a patients medications with ones they take at home.
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Medication reconciliation
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What are the six rights to medication administration?
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1)The right to medication
2)The right dose 3)The right client 4)The right route 5)The right time 6)The right documentation |
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Components of medication orders include these seven areas:
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1) Clients full name
2) Date and time that the order is written 3) Medication name 4) Dose 5) Route 6) Time and frequency 7) Signature of physician |
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___ happens when a client takes more than one type of the same medication.
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Polypharmacy
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A 1-3 mL syringe is adequate for a ___ or intramuscular injection.
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subcutaneous
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True/False
When preparing a site for infection swab from center of site, and move outward in a 2-inch radius. |
True
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Use 1 - 1 1/2 inch needles for ____ injection.
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intramuscular
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Use 3/8 to 5/8 inch needles for ___ injections.
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subcutaneous
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True/False
You must use a filter needle to aspirate a ampule of medicine. |
True
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-this prevents small glass fragments to enter
-replace the filter with a regular needle |
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True/False
Normal saline and sterile distilled water are solutions commonly used to dissolve medications. |
True
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True/False
Air must be injected into a vial before medication is withdrawn. |
True
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-the amount of air should equal the amount of medication being given
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