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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the signs and symptoms of a deviated septum? |
Obstruction to breathing Congestion Sinus infection Nosebleeds Facial pain |
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How do you diagnose a deviated septum? |
Physical exam with a nasal speculum |
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How do you treat a deviated septum? |
Control inflammation Decongestants Nasal septoplasty |
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How do you treat a nasal fracture? |
Sit patient up Ice Analgesia Nasal decongestants Humidifier |
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What is the main concern of a deviated septum? |
Reduced airflow |
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What type of analgesia do you want to administer for a nose fracture? |
Acetaminophen |
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What are the 3 types of nasal decongestants? |
Adrenergic Anticholinergic Corticosteroids |
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What are some contraindications for decongestants? |
Narrow angle glaucoma Uncontrolled cardiovascular disease Hypertension Diabetes Hyperthyroidism |
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What are some adverse effects of decongestants? |
Nervousness Insomnia Palpations Tremors |
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What do you need to have your patient do before giving a nasal medication? |
Blow their nose |
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What is rhinoplasty? |
Surgical reconstruction of the nose |
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What is epistaxis? |
Nosebleed |
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How do you position a patient with a nosebleed? |
Leaning forward with head forward |
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How long do you apply pressure for a nosebleed? |
5-15 minutes |
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What do you monitor in someone with a balloon inserted for a nosebleed? |
LOC, heart rate, heart rhythm, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, difficulty breathing, swallowing |
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What is the preferred antihistamine for allergic rhinitis? |
Non sedating |
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What are the signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis? |
Sneezing Itching Thin/watery discharge Congestion Pale, boggy nasal turbinates |
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How does an antihistamine work? |
Blocking the histamine receptors on the surface of basophils |
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What are some antihistamines? |
Diphenhydramine Loratadine Cetirizine |
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What are contraindications for antihistamines? |
Narrow angle glaucoma Cardiac disease Hypertension Kidney disease COPD Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
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What are adverse effects of antihistamines? |
Drowsiness Dry mouth Changes in vision Constipation Difficulty urinating |
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What are nursing considerations for antihistamines? |
1. Take with food 2. May make you drowsy 3. Drink lots of fluids |
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How do you diagnose allergies? |
Skin test |
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What are the signs and symptoms of rhinitis? |
Runny nose Watery eyes Nasal congestion Sneezing Fever Cough Sore throat Headache Fatigue |
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What nursing interventions should you do for rhinitis? |
Rest Fluids Antipyretics Ice chips Hand washing Cough etiquette Lozenges Antihistamines Cough suppressants Expectorants |
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How is sinusitis diagnosed? |
CT Nasal endoscopy Physical exam History |
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What are the signs and symptoms of Acute sinusitis? |
Pain Edematous mucosa Purulent drainage Enlarged turbinates Headaches |
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What are the signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis? |
Difficult to diagnose-nonspecific symptoms Facial pain Congestion |
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What the first line of treatment for sinusitis? |
Amoxicillin |
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After which medicine should patients rinse their mouth with water? |
Corticosteroids |
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What are the signs and symptoms of an airway obstruction? |
Choking Stridor Use of accessory muscles Flaring of nostrils Cyanosis Wheezing Tachycardia Change in mental status |
