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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
bicarbonate (point of secretion, function)
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the pancreas secretes bicarbonate into the small intestine to neutralize stomach acid
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bile (point of secretion, function)
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secreted from the liver, acts as a detergent and allows the fat to be stable in solution in the small intestine so the enzymes can break it into fatty acids.
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Type 1 Diabetes
(cause, distribution, insulin? treatment) |
autoimmune disorder and genetic component
10% unable to produce insulin treat by diet and insulin injections |
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Type 2 Diabetes
(cause, distribution, insulin? treatment) |
cause: obesity, genetic, lack of excersise, high cholesterol
90% cant absorb insulin, high insulin in blood treat medications, physical activity, diet |
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Insulin (point of secretion, time of secretion, function, anabolic/catabolic)
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secreted from pancreas (B cells) after eating.
Functions to transport glucose from blood into cell. anabolic (adding up) |
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Glucagon (point of secretion, time of secretion, function, anabolic/catabolic)
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secreted from pancreas ( A cells), 3-4 hours after eating, stimulates glucose(glycogen) breakdown and release, catabolic
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sucrose (makeup and enzyne that breaks it down)
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fructose-glucose; sucrase
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maltose (makeup and enzyne that breaks it down)
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glucose-glucose; maltase
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lactose (makeup and enzyne that breaks it down)
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glucose-galactose; lactase
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Enteric (GI) Nervous System function
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Receives information for chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors
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Enteric Endocrine System function (5 things)
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produces hormones communicate w/ organs, influence rate of motility,
release of GI secretions Communicate with appetite centers in brain |
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Three Enteric Hormones
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Gastrin, Secretin, Cholecystokinin
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Gastrin (point of secretion, function)
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from stomach, controls gastric acid secretion
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Secretin (point of secretion, function)
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from small intestine, stimulates secretion of bicarbonate
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Cholecystokinin (point of secretion, function)
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from small intestine, stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes and bile
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Functions of Saliva (4)
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lubrication and binding (mucus)
Solubilizes dry food (for taste) oral hygene- prvents dragon breath, lysozyme, bicarbonate starts starch digestion |
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components of saliva
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water, electrolytes, mucus, amylase
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"Heartburn"
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gastointestinal reflux disease. - acid from stomach refluxes back into the esophagus
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hydrochloric acid
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breakdown of food, destroys bacteria, enhances absorption of vitamins and minerals
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glycogen
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chains of glucose, highly branched
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recommended fiber, benefits
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25-38g a day, obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes
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