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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Apraxia of Speech
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Neurological disorder caused by the loss of ability to execute (carryout) learned (familiar) movements despite desire and physical ability.
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The root of Apraxia is praxis which is Greek for an act, work or deed.
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Which areas in the frontal lobe have been suggested as the motor speech programmer?
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Left Frontal lobe
-Primary Motor Cortex -Left Parietal Cortex |
Center for motor planning
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What are the three major causes of apraxia of speech?
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1. Stroke
2. Degenerative Disease 3. TBI |
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Differentiate oral apraxia from apraxia of speech.
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Nonverbal-Oral
Cannot carryout facial movements on command (lick-lips, whistle) Oral Difficulty planning movements necessary for speech. |
Facial characteristics versus moving what is needed for speech (exclusively)
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Define the motor speech programmer
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A neural network which sequences motor movements for speech
and analyzes info sequences that info into neural codes. |
linguistic, motor, sensory. and emotional info has to be ____ before it can be sequenced into a neural code.
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How does apraxia of speech affect prosody?
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The articulation errors (revisions and restarts) make it difficult for normal prosody.
* Rate is slower * variations in pitch and loudness are reduced. |
Rate, rhythm, pitch and loudness
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Describe the respiration of AOS patients.
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The patient may have difficulty taking a breath on command.
* halting and effortful * difficulty only in voluntary tasks. |
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Describe the resonance of AOS patients.
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Resonance is generally not affected
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Describe the phonation of AOS patients.
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Rarely noted in mild to moderate cases of AOS
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In order to differentiate apraxia of speech from dysarthria, one must first rule out other contributing factors, such as:
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Muscle weakness or incoordination
* sensory loss * comprehension deficit |
determining much of this will be based on observations of voluntary and automatic movements.
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Contrast A. ideomotor and
B. ideational apraxia. |
A. inability to carryout motor command
B. Inability to create a plan for idea of a specific movement |
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What are the distinguishing characteristics of the articulation errors in apraxia of speech?
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Substitutions
(placement errors-Spoonerisms) are more common than distortions, omissions, additions, or repetitions *articulation in real words is better than in nonsense words. * increased errors occur with an increase in complexity of word. |
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Differentiate Rosenbek’s and Darley et al.’s treatment approaches.
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Darley et al procedures included 1. initiating speech activities
2. using automatic responses 3. phonemic drills Rosenbeck = 8 step continuum. (clinician)"Watch me, listen to me" |
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What does the clinician do for the patient in the PROMPT program?
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The clinicain manually guides the articulators to the appropriate position needed to produce the target sound.
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What are the levels in Melodic Intonation Therapy?
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1. Elementary: clinician demonstrated melody & taps syllables & patient listens
2. Intermediate:increase lenggth and complexity of target utterances 3. Advanced:Use delay repetition |
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