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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What is the Spinal Lemniscus?
Where does it terminate? |
It is a continuation of the Spinothalamic tract, which could not be visualized at medullary and pontine levels.
It terminates (mainly) in the Ventral Posterolateral Thalamic Nucleus. |
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Where does the Trochlear Nucleus project to?
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Motor neurons in the Trochlear Nucleus give rise to axons which arch dorsally and caudally, around the periaqueductal grey, then cross and exit caudal to the Inferior Colliculus, to go and innervate the Superior Oblique muscle of the contralateral eye.*
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*Note, CN IV is the only CN which exits the Brainstem dorsally.
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What types of nerve fibres come off of the Oculomotor Nucleus?
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It provides Somatic motor innervation to the extrinsic muscles of the eye.
The parasympathetics derive from the Accessory Oculomotor Nucleus (of Edinger-Westphal). |
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What is the role of the Nucleus of Edinger-Westphal?
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It provides the autonomic innervation of CN III, providing (presynaptic) parasympathetic innervation to the muscles of pupillary constriction.*
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*(The constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles.)
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Where does the Nucleus of the Superior Colliculus receive inputs from?
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A wide variety of sources, including the retina (shown), cerebral cortex and spinal cord.
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What projections arise in the Nucleus of the Superior Colliculus?
What role does the Superior Colliculus play? |
It gives rise to the Tectobulbar and Tectospinal (shown) Tracts.
It is involved in coordinating head and eye movements. |
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What is the extent of the Periaqueductal Grey matter?
What is it involved in? |
It extends the length of the Cerebral Aqueduct through the Mesencephalon.
It is involved in regulating pain transmission.* |
*Its exact function is not completely understood.
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Where does the Red Nucleus* receive input from?
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It receives input from the cerebellum (shown) and cerebral cortex.
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*So-named because of its pinkish appearance in a fresh brain.
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What projections come off of the Red Nucleus?
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It gives rise to (upper motor) projections to the Inferior Olive and the Cervical Spinal Cord.
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What type of nucleus is the Substantia Nigra?
What is it connected to? |
It is a motor nucleus.
It is reciprocally connected to the Corpus Striatum. |
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What happens to the Substantia Nigra during Parkinson's (grossly)?
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Neurons of the Substantia Nigra undergo degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
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What type of fibres pass through the middle region of the Basis Pedunculi (Crus Cerebri)*?
What fibres pass through the medial and lateral regions? |
Corticospinal fibres pass through the middle region.
Corticopontine fibres pass through the outer two regions. |
*Don't call it the Cerebral Peduncle. Dr. Rutherford says the Cerebral Peduncle includes the Substantia Nigra and a couple other things, but Crus Cerebri is okay.
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Where does the Superior Cerebellar Peduncle undergo its decussation?
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At the level of the caudal midbrain.
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