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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the two types of cells in the NS |
Glial cells (support), neutrons (functional cells/ nerves) |
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What are the 3 types of neurons |
Sensory, inter, motor |
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Where do action potentials occur within myelinated neurons |
Only at nodes of Ranvier |
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What is saltatory conduction |
Jumping effect of an action potential on a myelinated neuron |
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What must a stimulus must reach for an action potential to fire |
A threshold |
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What is a synapse |
AKA synaptic cleft. The tiny space between two neurons |
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Neurotransmitters |
Chemical messengers. Carry signal across synapse |
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What are acetylcholine and cholinesterase |
Ace: excitatory cholin: breaks down acetylcholine |
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Is norepinephrine excitatory or inhibatory |
Can be both |
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What does an inhibitory neurotransmitter do |
Hyperpolarizes the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron, makes it so message can’t be sent. Na+ rushes in |
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Where is white matter and grey matter in the brain? |
White: inside grey: outside |
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Where are white and grey matter in the spinal cord |
White: outside grey: inside |
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What are 3 regions of the brain |
Hind, mid, forebrain |
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Hindbrain parts |
Cerebellum, medulla oblongata, pons |
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Midbrain location and function |
Beginning of brain stem. Relay centre for eyes and ears |
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Forebrain parts and function |
Parts: cerebrum, cerebral cortex Function: coordinating centre for sensory info and voluntary motor actions |
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Forebrain parts |
Corpus callosum, thalamus, hypothalamus, olfactory bulb |
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Sensory somatic system |
Senses and responds to external environment. Part of the PNS. |
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Autonomic nervous system functions |
Responds to internal environment |
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What is the autonomic NS controlled by |
Hypothalamus and medulla oblongata |
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What do ciliary muscles do when focusing on something far |
Relax and lens becomes flat |
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Hyperopia |
Farsighted. Needs convex lens |
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Myopia |
Near sighted, need concave lens |
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Astigmatism |
Misshapen lens or cornea |
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Cataracts |
Cloudy lens or cornea |
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Glaucoma |
Pressure in aqueous humid |