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113 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ischemic CRVO
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10dd no perfusion poor prognosis
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Non ischemic CRVO prognosis
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20/40 or better
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Ushers syndrome
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Rp c hearing loss
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Rp triad
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Bone spicule pigment
Arteriolar attenuation Why optic disc pallor |
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Gyrate atrophy
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Choiroidaol degen
Ornithischians aminotransferase deficiency Scalloped areas of peripheral chordal atrophy |
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Fndus albipunctatus
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Nonprogressive night blindness
Congenital Yellow white dots at level of rpe |
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What drugs cAuse pigmentary retinopathy
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Phenothiazine antipsychotics
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Nonrhegametogenous rd
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Serous/exudative and tractional
No break |
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Rhegmatogenous rd
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Fromretinal break..ie holes and tractional tears
Superior temporal most common |
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Htn retinopathy staging
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1. Art attention
2. Av nicking 3. Cws, hemes, hard exudative 4. Optic disc swelling |
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Elschnig spot
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Focal choroidal atrophy secondary to non perfusion, indicate past htn
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Most common cause cows
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Diabetic retinopathy
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Hard exudate location
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Opl
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Drugs that can cause NAION
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Sildenafil
Sumatriptan Amigo drone |
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Most co mmon infectious retinitis
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Toxoplasmosis
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Ocular side effect of indomethacin
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Pgmentary retinopathy
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Thioridazine ocular side effect
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Pigmenttary retinopathy
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CSME CRITERIA
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thicenking within 500um foveal center
Hrd exudate within 500um fovea c adjacent thickening Retinal thickening of 1dd withing 1dd foveal center |
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Severe NPDR criteria
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4 quadrants hemes
Or 2 quadrants veinous beading Or 1 quadrant IRMA |
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NPDR treatment according to ETDRS
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PRP for severe NPDR only
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NPDR risk of progression
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If severe, 10-50% within 12months
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Risk of neo with CRVO
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18% within 4-6 weeks
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Cocaine test with horners syndrome
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Will not dilate a horners pupil regardless of location
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Hydroxyamphetamine and horners
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Preganglionic dilation
Postgnglionic no dilation |
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Normal lumbar puncture
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200mm water, 250 if obese
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Normal ESR
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Female (age+10)/2
Male (age)/2 |
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Normal CRP
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0-1.0 mg/dL
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INO
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MLF lesion
Ipsi adduction deficit Contra abduction nystamus Horizontal diplopia when looking away from side of lesion |
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Secondary deviation
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Occurs in noncombatant strabismus
Ocular misalignment when particular eye is fixating |
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Sheringtonslaw
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Paired muscles for an eye
One gets activated anyone gets inhibited |
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SO palsy head tilt
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Away from affected side
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Gonioscopy structures posterior to anterior
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Iris
Ciliary body Scleral spur Trabecular mesh work Schemes canal Schawlbes line "I can see the stupid line" |
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Pg analogs
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Increase us outflow
Xalatan Lumigan Tragacanth |
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Beta blocker
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Decrease aqueous production
Timolol Betagsn Carteolol |
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Adrenergic ongoing
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Inc us outflow
Apraclinidine Brimonidine |
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Cholinergic agonist
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Inc TM outflow
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Cai
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inhibit aqueous production
Do not use with sulfa allergy Trusopt Brinolamide Diamox Methanol aside |
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Goniotomy
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Done in congenital glaucoma
Incision in TM |
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Trabeculectomy
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Rmove portion of TM, aqueous drains into bleb then into episcleral veins
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Vossius ring
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From lens contact with iris during trauma
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Aminocaproic acid
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Anti fibrinolytic, decreases risk of secondary hemorrhage
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Tamoxifen retinopathy dose
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6.5 mg/kg/day x five years
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Steroid dose for episcleral is
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Qid five to seven days, mild steroid
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Steroid dose for pinged unities
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Mild steroid bid to QID five to seven days
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Uveitis steroid dose
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Predforte acetate q1-2hrs, slow taper
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Herpes storm alerts steroid dose
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Predforte QID
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Allergic conjunctivitis steroid dose
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Mildsteroid QID for seven days then bid four to eight weeks
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Mistpotent topical steroid
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Difluprednate
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Scleritis steroid dose
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60-100mg qd for one week, then taper
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Giant cell arthritis steroid dose
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80-100mg qd for 2-4 weeks, this is after three days of IV steroid
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Toxoplasmosis steroid dose
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20/40 mg qd two. 24 hrs after beginning ntibiotics
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Thyroid eye disease optic neuropathy steroid dose
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100mg qd for two to fourteen days
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Nsaid dose for come
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Bid to tid
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Nsaid do for RCE
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Bid two to three days
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Allergic conjunctivitis NSAID dose
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Ketoralac only approved, bid
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Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy dose
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400 mg per day
6.5 mg per kg Over five years treatment |
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Javalls rule
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Expected astig = corneal +0.50ATR
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Expected amplitude of accommodation
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A=18.5-0.3xage
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Vossius ring
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Trauma, iris against lens
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Where is blood in hyphema from?
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Iris, ciliary body
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Crepitus
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Oribtal wall fracture
Don't blow nose for 48 hours |
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Mucormycosis
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Life threatening
Dm pts or immcomp Seen in orbital cellulitis cases |
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Capillary hemangioma
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Benighn, most common orbital tumor in kids
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Cavernous hemangioma
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Most common benign orbital tumor in adults
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Rhabomyosarcoma
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Most common primary malignant tumor in kids
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Neuronablastoma
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Most common secondary malignant tumor in kids
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Contact dermatitis
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Periorbital swelling 24-48 hrs post exposure
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Anklyblepharon
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Outerlids stuck together, seen in pemphigoid
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Pemphigoid
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Idiopathic, attacks mucous membranes
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Serotypes for trachoma
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A, b,c
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Blepharospasm vs myokymia
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Myokymia ony affects orbicularis oculi, blepharospasm affects this and also Procerus and corrugated
Blepharospasm is bilateral |
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Most common eyelid cancer
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Basalcel
Carcinoma |
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Second most common eyelid cancer
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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What is often mistaken for recurrent chalazion?
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Sebaceous cell carcinoma
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Difference between basal and squamous cell carcinoma?
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Basal is basal cell layer
Squamous is spinous layer BCC has telectangeasia SCC more likely to metastisze, starts as actinic keratosis |
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Bacteria in canal oculi
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Actinomycetes Israeli
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Jones one test
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NaFl, wait five minutes
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Jones two test
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Ues saline
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Orbital pseudo tumor
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Young patients
ALWAYS UNILATERAL |
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Carotid cavernous fistula triaD
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Chemosis
Pulsation exophthalmos Ocular bruit |
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Keratochanthoma appearance
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Dome shaped on sun exposed skin, may progress to become ulcerated
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Basal cell carcinoma appearance
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Parly firm nodule with telectangeasia
Progresses to rodent ulcer |
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Squamous cell carcinoma appearance
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Imilar to basal cell but no surface neo
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Is squamous cell metastatic?
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Up to 24 percent will metastisze to nearby lymph nodes
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Sebaceous carcinoma appearance
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Hello hard tumor on lid margin, get madarosis and thickened lid margin
Often mistakes for recurrent chalazion |
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Staph marginal keratitis presentation
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Peripheral stroll infiltrates
Often bilateral |
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What is cause of staph marginal keratin
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Tpe one hypersensitivity reaction
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Staph hypersensis treatment
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Lid scrubs
Zylet |
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Corneal ulcer treatment
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Tpical ab every 1-2 hrs for small
Fortified ab for large Taper slowly Can cyclo in office for comfort |
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Typical antique gals
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Natamycin
Amphotericin b |
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Acanthamoeba presentation
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Pain out of proportion to sx
Progression to ring ulcer over 2-3 months |
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Acanthomeoba treatment
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Antiparasitics
Antifungals Antibiotics Cyclopegia |
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Where is scleral spur in relation to schemes canal?
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Posterior
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Iris bombs treatment
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LPI
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Iop measurements in corneal edema
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False low because cornea is softer
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How does iop fluctuate during the day
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Lowest in evening, highest in morning
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Last part of visual field affected in glaucoma
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Temporal island
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Such angle is expected to be most open on gonio
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Inferior
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Iop reading if too little fluorescent
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False low
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Pilocarpine
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Direct cholinergic agonist
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Bethanechol
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Direct cholinergic agonist
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Direct cholinergic agonist method of action
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Acts on ciliary muscle receptors, pull SS! Open TM
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How much does pilocarpine reduce IOP
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30 Prcent
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What concentration of pilo is used for acute angle closure
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2%
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Pilocarpine side effects
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Brow ache, headache, myopic shift, cataract, secondary angle closure glaucome
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Edrophonium
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AChE INHIBITOR
Used in tension test |
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How does tensiolon test work
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If pyrosis improves after injection, then test is positive for MG
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Echothiophate
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Ache inhibitor
Used for dx and tx of accommodative esotropia |
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Pyridostigmine
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Ache inhibitor
MG treatment Dose is 60mg po every four hrs |
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Neostigmine
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Ache inhibitor
Used to evil limb strength in myasthenia |
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Pralidoxime
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Antigone to ache inhibitors
IV Pesticide poisoning and MG overtreatment |
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Cholinergic agonists acronym
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STop ACH
Scopolamine Tropicamide Atropine Cuclopentolste Homatropine |
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Max myriads of tropicamide
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20-35 minutes
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