Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Vital capacity is |
Volume of air expired after maximal inspiration |
|
|
Tidal volume is |
The amount of air inspired or expired with each normal breath |
|
|
The inspiratory reserve volume is |
The volume of air that can be inspired after inspiration of a tidal volume |
|
|
The exploratory reserve volume is |
The volume of air that can be expired after expiration of tidal volume |
|
|
The range of normal HbA1c or glycosylated hemoglobin is |
3.9-6.9 % |
|
|
Acute endocarditis pathogens: |
Staphylococcus Aureus S. Epidermis Enterococcus Candida sp. |
|
|
Subacute endocarditis pathogens |
Viridans Streptococci ( S. mutans, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. mitis |
|
|
The bones of the skeleton store their energy reserves in the area of the
A. bone matrix. B. canaliculi. C. haversian canal. D. red marrow. E. yellow marrow.
|
yellow marrow. |
|
|
A newborn presents with severe acidosis, vomiting, hypotonia, neurologic deficits, and elevated levels of lactate and alanine. These observations suggest a deficiency of which of the following enzymes?
A. Alanine aminotransferase B. Glutamate dehydrogenase C. Lactate dehydrogenase D. Pyruvate carboxylase E. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
|
Pyruvate dehydrogenase |
|
|
Which of the following structures does the fetal allantoic duct become in the adult?
A. Cloaca B. Medial umbilical ligament C. Urachus D. Ureter E. Urethra
|
Urachus |
|
|
An individual who is diagnosed with congestive heart failure would benefit from a treatment regimen that accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT
A. increases afterload. B. increases preload. C. prevents ventricular remodeling. D. produces a positive inotropic effect on the cardiac muscle. E. removes excessive water from the body.
|
increases afterload. |
|
|
In a patient with parathyroid adenoma, you would expect to find
A. high serum calcium. B. neuromuscular excitability. C. tetany. D. cardiac conduction defects. E. hyperphosphatemia.
|
high serum calcium. |
|
|
Cancer of which of the following organs is the MOST likely cause of an elevation of serum erythropoietin levels in a patient with a hematocrit of 52%?
A. Breast B. Colon C. Kidney D. Stomach E. Thyroid
|
Kidney |
|
|
In performing a left working movement
A. only the left lateral pterygoid contracts. B. only the right lateral pteyrgoid contracts. C. both lateral pterygoids contract. D. neither lateral pterygoid contracts.
|
only the right lateral pteyrgoid contracts. |
|
|
Alveolar bone is composed of
A. cortical bone only. B. cancellous bone only. C. cortical bone surrounding cancellous bone. D. cancellous bone surrounding cortical bone.
|
cortical bone surrounding cancellous bone. |
|
|
Trisomy 13 causes |
Oral facial clefts Microphtalmia Polydactyly Renal defects |
|
|
Trisomy 18 causes |
Small mouth and ears Congenital heart defects Overlapping fingers 90% die during the 1st year of life |
|
|
Turners syndrome causes |
Reduced stature Webbed neck Lymphedema of wrists and ankles |
|
|
Folic acid deficiency causes |
Megaloblastic anemia Neurological symptoms |
|
|
Niacin deficiency causes |
Pellagra (depigmented dermatitis, chronic diarrea and anemia) |
|
|
Riboflavin deficiency causes |
Ariboflavinosis characterized by glositis, chorneal opacities, dermatitis and erythroid hyperplasia |
|
|
Vitamin B13 deficiency causes |
Megaloblastic anemia Degeneration of the posterolateral spinal cord |
|
|
Alanine aminotranferase ALT and Aspartate aminotransferase AST are markets for |
hepatocellular damage |
|
|
Creatine phosphokinase MB isoenzyme (CPK-MB) are enzymes |
Specific of early stages of myocardial infarction |
|
|
Which of the following structures constitutes part of the ventricles of the heart?
A. Auricle B. Crista terminalis C. Fossa ovalis D. Sinus venarum E. Trabeculae carneae
|
Trabeculae carneae |
|
|
The first pharyngeal arch is innervated by |
Cranial nerve V, maxillary and mandibular divisions of trigeminal nerve |
|
|
The second pharyngeal arch is innervated by |
Facial nerve |
|
|
The third pharyngeal arch is innervated by |
Cranial nerve IX or glossopharyngeal |
|
|
The fourth pharyngeal arch is innervated by |
Cranial nerve X -Vagus |
|
|
The sixth pharyngeal arch is innervated by |
Cranial nerve X or recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus |
|
|
The primary metabolic effect of the principal hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas is
A. augmentation of calcium deposition in bone. B. INCREASE of amino acid storage in the liver. C. promotion of lipogenesis in liver and adipose tissue. D. inhibition of gluconeogenesis. E. stimulation of glycogenolysis.
|
stimulation of glycogenolysis. |
|
|
After a total gastrectomy, which of the following digestive enzymes will be produced in inadequate amounts?
A. Amylase B. Chymotrypsin C. Lipase D. Pepsin E. Trypsin
|
Pepsin |
|
|
If a patient becomes hypotensive after the administration of a sedative before a dental procedure, which of the following reflexes should help to correct the patients low blood pressure?
A. Acquired reflex B. Baroreceptor reflex C. Chemoreceptor reflex D. Hering-Breuer reflex E. Protective reflex
|
Baroreceptor reflex |
