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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the four theoretical determinants needed to restore a complete and functional occlusal surface of a tooth?
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1. Amount of vertical overlap of Ant. teeth
2. Contour of articular eminence 3. Amount and direction of lat. shift in working side condyle 4. Position of tooth in the arch |
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Reshaping of the occlusal surfaces of the teeth to creat harmonious contact relationships between max. and mand.
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Occlusal adjustment (equilibration)
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What can occlusal adjustment involve?
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Disking
Odontoplasty Enameloplasty Coronoplasty |
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What are the basic principles for occlusal adjustment?
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1.Max distribution of occlusal stress in centric relation
2. Forces of occlusion borne by the long axis of the tooth 3. Surface to surface contacts in flat cusps should change to point to point contact 4. Never take the teeth out of centric occlusion |
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What are the determinants of occlusion?
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1. Rt. TMJ - Lig. and condyle
2. Lt. TMJ - Lig. and condyle 3. Teeth - inter-occlusal contacting points and inclines of cusps of opposing arches (variable) 4. Neuromuscular system |
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What are the posterior determinants of occlusion?
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Rt. and Lt. TMJ
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What is the Ant. determinant of Occlusion?
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Teeth
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What programs the neuromuscular system?
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The teeth
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What are the mechanical equivalents for the reproduction of occlusal determinants?
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1. Articulators
2. Facebow recordings 3. Mounting lower cast on articulator 4. Setting condylar guidance 5. Setting Bennett angle 6. Transferring Ant. guidance values to incisal guidance plate |
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The most unstrained, retruded anatomic and functional position of the heads of the condyles or the mandible in the mand. glenoid fossa of the TMJ
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Centric Relation
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What is the relationship of bones to teeth in CR?
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Relationship of the upper and lower jaw bones without tooth contact
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What are not factors in Centric relation?
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Presence or absence of teeth
Type of occlusion or malocclusion |
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_____ _____ is typically slightly ant. to CR.
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Centric occlusion
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Why can the mand. not be forced into CR from rest?
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Neuromuscular defense would resist the applied force
(Relaxed and Guided instead) |
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Relationship between the max. and mand. occlusal surfaces that provides the max. contact and or intercuspation.
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Centric Occlusion
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Consists of all contacts during chewing, swallowing, or normal actions
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Functional Occlusion
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Normal contacts made during chewing and swallowing
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Functional contacts
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Contacts made outside of the normal range, may create wear factes or attrition and result from habit
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Parafunctional contacts
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Cusps _____ tall but never _____ be tall; and cusps _____ be short, but never _____ be short.
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May, must
Must, may |
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Overlapping relationship of opposing max. and mand. incisors and canines. Produces disclusion of post. teeth when mand. protudes and moves to either side
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Anterior Guidance (Ant. coupling)
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What mechanical advantage do Ant. teeth have over Post. teeth?
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They are farther away from the fulcrum giving better leverage to offset closing muscles
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What happens if muscular guidance can be accomplished?
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Least amount of force will be placed on the teeth during muscular contraction
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The further away from the site of action the _____ force is exerted.
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Less
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Less vertical overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps must be.
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shorter
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Greater the vertical overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps must be.
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longer
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Greater the horizontal overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps must be.
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shorter
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Less horizontal overlap of ant. teeth, the _____ the cusps may be.
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longer
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The Bennett movement refers to which condyle(s)?
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Working side only
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In lateral movement the _____ side condyle moves downward, forward, and medially.
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Non-working
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In lateral movement the _____ side condyle moves laterally.
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Working
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What determines how far the working side moves laterally in a lateral working movement?
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The amount that the non-working condyle moves medially
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What is the Bennett movement also sometimes called?
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Lateral shift or immediate side shift
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What important influences does the bennett movement or immediate side shift have on the max and the mand.?
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Lingual concavity of max. ant. teeth
Directional placement of the ridges and grooves on the mand. post. teeth |
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The vertical distance by which max. incisors overlap the mand. incisors
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Overbite
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What defines normal overbite?
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Incisal edges are within the incisal third of mand. incisors
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The horizontal distance between the labio-incisal surfaces of the mand. incisors and the linguo-incisal surfaces of the max. incisors
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Overjet
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Max. teeth are lingual to mand. teeth
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Underjet
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Lack of occlusal or incisal contact between max. and mand. teeth. The teeth can not be brought together.
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Open bite
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Refers to anteroposterior curvature of the occlusal surfaces, starting at the tip of the lower canine, following the buccal cusp tips of the premolars and molars and continuing to the anterior boarder of the ramus.
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Curve of Spee
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Where would an ideal curve of Spee extend into?
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Aligned so that a continuation of its arc would extend through the condyles
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What is the shape of the curve of spee for mand. teeth?
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Concave
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What is the shape of the curve of spee for Max. teeth?
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Convex
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Refers to the mediolateral curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips on each side of the arch. Results from inward inclination of the lower posterior teeth, making the lingual cusps lower than the buccal cusps on mand. arch. The buccal cusps are higher than the lingual cusps on the max. arch because of the outward inclination of the upper posterior teeth.
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Curve of Wilson
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What is the shape of the curve of wilson in mand. teeth?
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Concave
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What is the shape of the curve of wilson in max. teeth?
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Convex
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The mandible functions as what kind of lever?
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Class III Lever
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What are the different parts of the lever system of the mand.?
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Class III
- Fulcrum = Condyle - Force = Muscles - Workload = Teeth |
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In a class III lever system where is the workload located?
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Between the force and the fulcrum
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