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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that is often caused by what?
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- Preceding viral infection
- Coxsackievirus B - Echovirus |
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What is the gold standard diagnostic technique for myocarditis?
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Endomyocardial biopsy
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Chagas disease is a potential disease for this disease.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy
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What are some symptoms related to dilated cardiomyopathy?
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SOB
Orthopnea Fatigue Edema |
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True or False.
Sinus tachycardia and LBBB are very rare findings on the EKG of a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy. |
FALSE
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Treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy includes what?
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Diuretics
Digoxin Afterload reducers |
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Some common symptoms related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are....
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SOB
Angina Palpitations Syncope Sudden cardiac death |
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In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a present murmur _______ with Valsalva maneuvers and standing and ________ with squatting and handgrip exercises.
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Increases/Decreases
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A septal myectomy an be used as a form of treatment in what pericardial disease?
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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Scleroderma, amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis, and radiation are all potential causes of ___________.
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Restrictive cardiomyopathy
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Symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy include:
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SOB
Edema (specifically leg) Fatigue (Right sided heart failure) |
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In which patients should restrictive cardiomyopathy be considered?
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Patients with predominant right sided heart failure without evidence of cardiomegaly or systolic dysfunction
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What are physical findings for restrictive cardiomyopathy?
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S3 and S4 heart sounds
NO cardiomegaly Elevated JVP MR/TR murmur |
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How would you treat restrictive cardiomyopathy?
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Treat underlying cause first
Diuretics |
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What is the classic symptom of pericarditis?
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Pleuritic chest pain
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Diffuse ST segment elevation, ESR elevation, and WBC elevations are all indicative of _________.
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Pericarditis
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What are two potential complications of pericarditis?
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Cardiac tamponade
Constrictive pericarditis |
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What is a pericardial effusion?
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Accumulation of more than 50mL of fluid in the pericardial space (normally contains 15-50mL)
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To determine the size of a pericardial effusion, what diagnostic test should be used?
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Echocardiogram
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How will a pericardial effusion effect the patient's EKG?
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It may decrease QRS voltage
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How should you treat a pericardial effusion?
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Pericariocentesis (for symptomatic patients)
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In acute cardiac tamponade, how will the patient present?
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In cardiogenic shock
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What is Beck's Triad?
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Associated with acute cardiac tamponade:
1. Muffled heart sounds 2. Distended JVP 3. Hypotension |
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Pulsus paradoxus indicates....
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cardiac tamponadee
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The gold standard for diagnosis of cardiac tamponade is _____.
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Echocardiogram
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How do you treat cardiac tamponade?
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1. Stabilize with fluids
2. Pericardiocentesis 3. If it is recurrent, cut out a pericardial window 4. Check the fluid obtained from the pericardiocentesis for malignancy or infection |
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Elevated JVP and Kussmaul's sign, as well as signs of right sided heart failure are seen with what condition?
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Pericardial constriction
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Pericardial constriction leads to________________________.
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Decreased diastolic filling of all chambers
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