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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment, usually expressing an emotional state through its outpouring of melody; found in operas, oratorios, and cantatas.
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Aria
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Regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time.
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Beat
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Baroque accompaniment made up of a bass part together with numbers (figures) indicating the chords to be played above it. Usually the basso continuo is played by two instruments, a keyboard plus a low melodic instrument.
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Basso Continuo(figured bass)
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Male singer castrated before puberty to retain a high voice range; the most important category of vocal soloists in opera during the baroque period.
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Castrato
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Composition for several instrumental soloists and small orchestra; common in late baroque music.
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Concerto grosso
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In jazz, a statement of the basic harmonic pattern or melody.
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Chorus
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Composition in several movements, usually written for chorus, one or more vocal soloists, and instrumental ensemble. The church cantata for the Lutheran service in Germany during the baroque period often includes
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Cantata
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Degrees of loudness or softness in music.
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Dynamics
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How long
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Duration
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Polyphonic composition based on one main theme, or subject.
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Fugue
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Organization of musical ideas in time.
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Form
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How chords are constructed and how they follow each other.
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Harmony
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Term describing music in which one main melody is accompanied by chords.
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Homophony
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Something used to play music
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Instrument
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Creation of music at the same time as it is performed.
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Improvisation
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Presentation of a melodic idea by one voice or instrument that is immediately followed by its restatement by another voice or instrument, as in a round.
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Imitation
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Central note, scale, and chord within a piece, in relationship to which all other tones in the composition are heard.
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Key (tonality)
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Single melodic line without accompaniment
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Monophony
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Polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text other than that of the mass; one of the two main forms of sacred Renaissance music.
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Motet
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Piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger composition.
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Movement
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Composition for several voices set to a short secular poem, usually about love, combining homophonic and polyphonic textures and often using word painting; common in Renaissance music.
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Madrigal
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Series of single tones that add up to a recognizable whole.
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Melody
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Series of seven tones within an octave, with an eighth tone repeating the first tone an octave higher, composed of a specific pattern of whole and half steps; the half step between the second and third tones is characteristic.
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Minor
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Series of seven tones within an octave, with an eighth tone repeating the first tone an octave higher, composed of a specific pattern of whole and half steps; the half step between the second and third tones is characteristic.
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Major
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Sacred choral composition made up of five sections: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei.
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Mass
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Polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text other than that of the mass; one of the two main forms of sacred Renaissance music.
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Motet
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Drama that is sung to orchestral accompaniment, usually a large-scale composition employing vocal soloists, chorus, orchestra, costumes, and scenery.
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Opera
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Medieval polyphony that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines.
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Organum
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Large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative text, but without acting, scenery, or costumes; often based on biblical stories.
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Oratorio
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Series of pitches arranged in order from low to high or high to low.
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Scale
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Relative highness or lowness of a sound.
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Pitch
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In notation, a set of five horizontal lines between or on which notes are positioned.
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Staff
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In baroque music, a set of dance-inspired movements all written in the same key but differing in tempo, meter, and character.
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Suite
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Characteristic way of using melody, rhythm, tone, color, dynamics, harmony, texture, and form in music.
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Style
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Accenting of a note at an unexpected time, as between two beats or on a weak beat. Syncopation is a major characteristic of jazz.
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Syncopation
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In Italian, refrain; a repeated section of music usually played by the full orchestra, or tutti, in baroque compositions.
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Ritornello
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Part of the total range of an instrument or voice. The tone color of the instrument or voice may vary with the register in which it is played or sung.
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Register
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Ordered flow of music through time; the pattern of durations of notes and silences in music.
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Rhythm
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Vocal line in an opera, oratorio, or cantata that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech, often serving to lead into an aria.
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Recitative
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In Italian, all; the full orchestra, or a large group of musicians contrasted with a smaller group; often heard in baroque music.
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Tutti
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Abrupt alternation between loud and soft dynamic levels; characteristic of baroque music.
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Terraced dynamics
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Basic pace of the music.
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Tempo
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Performance of two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest at the same time.
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Polyphony
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(1) Short piece usually serving to introduce a fugue or other composition; a short piece for piano. (2) See overture.
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Prelude
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Quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another.
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Tone color (timbre)
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categories of opera Voice ranges which include coloratura soprano, lyric soprano, dramatic soprano, lyric tenor, dramatic tenor, basso buffo, and basso profundo, among others.
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Voice
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In baroque music, an instrumental composition in several movements for one to eight players. In music after the baroque period, an instrumental composition usually in several movements for one or two players.
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Sonata
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Organized Sound in time
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music
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any of various arrangements of the diatonic tones of an octave, differing from one another in the order of the whole steps and half steps; scale.
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Mode
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The way something feels
The layering of sounds |
texture
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consistent, note-for-note imitation of one melodic line by another, in which the second line starts after the first.
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Canon
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a part in a composition designed to serve as background and support for more important parts.
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Accompaniment
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a musical composition or a passage or section in a musical composition written for performance by one singer or instrumentalist, with or without accompaniment:
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Solo
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the list of instruments for which a composition is scored.
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instrumentation
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a short, simple melody, esp. one characterized by single notes to which an indefinite number of syllables are intoned, used in singing psalms, canticles, etc., in church services.
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Chant
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1. a hymn, esp. one with strong harmonization:.
2. a group of singers specializing in singing church music; choir. |
chorale
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an effective verbal description.
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word painting
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Helps you see through music
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musical imagery
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music that is flowing
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continuous motion
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C
T - Alleluia M G S |
C - Anonymous
T - Alleluia M - Voice Only Acapela G - Chant S - Monophonic |
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C
T - O Successores M G S |
C - Hildegard
T - O Successores M - Voice and Viols G - Chant S - Chant becomes expressive |
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C
T - Estampie M G S |
C - Anonymous
T - Estampie M - Middle Age Insturments G - Middle Age Dance S - Example of Secular Music |
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C
T - Ave Maria M G S |
C - Josquin
T - Ave Maria M - Voices Only G - Motet S - Demonstrating Imitation |
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C
T - “Kyrie” from Pope Marcellus Mass M G S |
C - Palestrina
T - “Kyrie” from Pope Marcellus Mass M - Voices Only G - Mass S - Changed music to fit expectations of the Church |
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C
T - As Vesta…. M G S |
C - Weelkes
T - As Vesta…. M - Voices G - Madrigal S - Word Painting |
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C
T - Brandenburg M G S |
C - Bach
T - Brandenburg M - Orchestra – Featured solo G - Concerto S - Ritornello form |
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C
T - Little Fugue M G S |
C - Bach
T - Little Fugue M - Organ G - Fugue S - Single Mindedness |
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C
T - “Tu se’ Morta” from Orfeo M G S |
C - Monteverdi
T - “Tu se’ Morta” from Orfeo M - Voice and Orchestra G - Opera S - Recitative |
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C
T - Dido’s Lament M G S |
C - Purcell
T - Dido’s Lament M - Voice and Orchestra G - Opera S - Recitative and Aria working together |
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C
T - Spring Concerto Movement 1 M G S |
C - Vivaldi
T - Spring Concerto Movement 1 M - Solo Instrument G - Solo Concerto S - Terest Dynamics |
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C
T - Spring Concerto Movement 2 M G S |
C - Vivaldi
T - Spring Concerto Movement 2 M - Solo Instrument G - Orchestra S - Musical Imagery |
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C
T - Suite M G S |
C - Bach
T - Suite M - Orchestra G - Suite S - Suite |
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C
T - Cantata 140 7th Movement M G S |
C - Bach
T - Cantata 140 7th Movement M - Voice and Orchestra G - Contata S - Discussion of Contata |
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C
T - “Ev’ry Valley Shall Be Exalted” from Messiah M G S |
C - Handel
T - “Ev’ry Valley Shall Be Exalted” from Messiah M - Voice and Orchestra G - Oratorio S - Aria from Oratorio |
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C
T - Hallelujah M G S |
C - Handel
T - Hallelujah M - Voice and Orchestra G - Oratorio S - Chorus from Oratorio |