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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
three types of muscles |
skeletal smooth/visceral cardiac |
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skeletal muscles |
attach to the bones of the skeleton voluntary striated many function in pairs through the opposing actions of contraction and relaxation |
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voluntary muscles |
function under conscious control skeletal muscles, muscles responsible for movement of face, eyes, tongue, and pharynx |
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smooth / visceral muscles |
found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes such as the stomach, intestines, respiratory passageways, and blood vessels no striations involuntary |
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cardiac muscle |
specialized type of muscle that forms the wall of the heart striated involuntary- controlled by the ANS |
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muscle fibers |
muscle cells |
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fascia |
thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that hold muscle fibers together |
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origin |
the muscle end attached to the less movable bone |
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insertion |
muscle end attached to the more movable bone |
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ankyl/o |
stiff |
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arthr/o |
articulation joint |
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burs/o |
bursa |
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chondr/o |
cartilage |
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muscul/o |
muscle |
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my/o |
muscle |
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ten/o |
tendon |
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tend/o |
tendon |
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IM |
intramuscular |
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MD |
muscular dystrophy |
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DTR |
deep tendon reflexes |
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EMG |
electromyography |
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joint articulation |
point at which 2 individual bones connect |
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fibrous joint |
bone surfaces fit closely together and are joined by fibrous connective tissue immovable ex: skull sutures |
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cartilaginous joint |
bones are joined by cartilage limited movement ex: pubic symphysis |
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synovial joint |
have a space between the bones called the joint cavity bones held together by ligaments allow for free movement |
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synovial membrane |
lines the joint cavity secretes synovial fluid |
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synovial fluid |
lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane |
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bursa |
small sacs adjacent to some synovial joints containing synovial fluid tend to be associated with bony prominences lubricate the area around the joint where friction is most likely to occur |
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hinge joint |
allows movement in 1 direction- back and forth ex: elbow, knee synovial |
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ball-and-socket joint |
allow movements in many directions around a central point ball-shaped head fits into the depression of another bone synovial |
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flexion |
bending motion decreases the angle between 2 bones |
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extension |
straightening motion increases the angle between two bones |
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abduction |
movement of a bone away from the midline of the body |
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adduction |
movement of a bone toward the midline of the body |
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rotation |
movement that involves the turning of a bone on its own axis |
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supination |
act of turning the palm up or forward |
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pronation |
act of turning the palm down or backward |
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dorsiflexion |
backward flexing or bending in the foot- narrows the angle between the leg and tip of the foot bends foot up at the ankle |
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plantar flexion |
increases the angle between the leg and the top of the foot (foot bent, toes pointing down) |
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circumduction |
movement of an extremity in a circular motion can be performed with ball-and-socket type joints |
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arthrocentesis |
surgical puncture of a joint with a needle to withdraw fluid for analysis |
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arthrography |
injection of a contrast medium into the joint, followed by an x-ray to view the joint interior |
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arthroplasty |
the surgical repair of a joint to restore mobility tx for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and congenital deformities |
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arthroscopy |
visualization of the interior of a joint using a specially designed endoscope inserted through a small incision into the joint |
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rheumatoid factor |
blood test that measure the presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases |
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erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
blood test that measures the rate at which erythrocytes settle to the bottom of a test tube filled with blood mixed with an anticoagulant elevated sed rates are associated with inflammatory conditions higher the sed rate, the more severe the inflammation |
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bucc/o |
cheek |
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dors/o |
back |
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electr/o |
electricity |
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fasci/o |
band of fibrous tissue |
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fibr/o |
fiber |
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leiomy/o |
smooth muscle |
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pector/o |
pertaining to the chest |
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rhabdomy/o |
striated muscle skeletal |
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troph/o |
development |
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bi- |
two |
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dys- |
bad |
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tri- |
reeth |
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-graphy |
process of recording |
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ADL |
activities of daily living |
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AROM |
active range of motion |
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CBC |
complete blod count |
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CRP |
C-reactive protein |
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DIP |
distal interphalangeal |
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DTR |
deep tendon reflexes |
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PROM |
passive range of motion |
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RA |
rheumatoid arthritis |
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RF |
rheumatoid factor |
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ROM |
range of motion |
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sed rate, ESR |
sedimentation rate |
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SLE |
systemic lupus erythematosus |