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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Factors influencing reaction time and decision making
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1. number of stimulus response alternatives
2. stimulus-response compatibility 3. practice |
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Hicks Law
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describes the stable relationship that exists between the number of stimulus response alternatives and choice reaction time
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stimulus-response compatibility
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the degree to which the relationship between a stimulus and the required response is "natural"- compatible
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practice
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-increase amount of practice, faster choice reaction time
-nature of practice- increase practice with the same stimulus response combo, faster choice reaction time -S=f(P,A)quicker choice reaction time= more skilles |
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anticipation
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-highly skilled performer
-good enough to predict what will happen in the environment -perform information processing activities in advance of the presented stimulus |
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types of anticipation
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spatial (or event)anticipation and temporal anticipation
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spatial anticipation
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what is going to happen
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temporal anticipation
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when is it going to happen
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benefits of anticipation
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if correct, a performer can initiate the already prepared movement with no reaction time delay
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attention
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3 different aspects:
1. selective 2. limited capacity 3. effort |
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selective aspect of attention
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appears as thought we can focus on some aspects of our environment than others
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limited capacity aspect of attention
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fixed amount of mental energy (construct) example: driving car at 12 vs. 22, brain has a limited amount of mental sources to do work
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selectivity-
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capability to focus on a subset of our environment
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sequential/serial processing
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brain must do things one at a time
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parallel processing
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occurring at the same point in time
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sequential/serial
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use of all limited capacity attention
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parallel processing
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tasks share capacity
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selective attention
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Stroop task: color of ink vs. what word says; scientists have considered BLUE (in red ink) a failure of selective attention
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conflict situation regarding Stroop task
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What is occurring that helps us understand why the BLUE in red ink is difficult? reading of letters is obligatory, you have to do it. You have no choice. You can't see just letters, you read them
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selective attention
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means learning how to respond selectively
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controlled processing
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serial and attention demanding; required limited capacity attention
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automatic processing
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fast, parallel, does not demand much attention if any at all
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number of elements vs. reaction time
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the number of elements you are searching through has no effect on reaction time. As number of elements increases reaction time stays the same. Graphically, it is a horizontal line
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consistent mapping
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distractors are always distracting and targets are always targets
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varied mapping
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when reaction time between elements is varied over trials, you need to use sequential/serial attention which is demanding and slow
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double stimulation
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rapid, sequential stimulation. In the lab, do a series of trials, when the light comes on, you press a button
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