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28 Cards in this Set
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chain termination sequencing
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Method of sequencing DNA by using dideoxynucleotides to terminate synthesis of DNA chains. Same as dideoxy sequencing.
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dideoxy sequencing
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Method of sequencing DNA by using dideoxynucleotides to terminate synthesis of DNA chains. Same as chain termination sequencing.
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genomics
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Study of genomes as a whole rather than one gene at a time.
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dideoxynucleotide
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nucleotide whose sugar is dideoxyribose instead of ribose or deoxyribose
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dideoxyribose
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Derivative of ribose that lacks the oxygen of both the 2' and the 3' hydroxyl groups
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Klenow polymerase
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DNA polymerase I from E. coli that lacks the 5' to 3' exonuclease domain.
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M13
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Rod-shaped bacteriophage that infects E. Coli, contains a circle of single stranded DNA, and is used to manufacture DNA for sequencing
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replicative form (RF)
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Double-stranded form of the genome of a single-stranded DNA (or RNA) virus. The RF first replicates itself and is then used to generate the ssDNA (or ssRNA) to pack into the virus particles.
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Sequenase
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Genetically modified DNA polymerase from bacteriophage T7 used for sequencing DNA
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primer walking
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Approach to sequencing a long cloned DNA molecule by using successive primers located at stages along the molecule.
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oligonucleotide array detector
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Chip used to simultaneously detect and identify many short DNA fragments by DNA-DNA hybridization. Also known as DNA array or DNA chip.
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DNA Chip
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Chip used to simultaneously detect and identify many short DNA fragments by DNA-DNA hybridization. Also known as DNA array or oligonucleotide array detector
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GeneChip array
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The first brand of DNA chip, made by Affymetrix corporation
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expressed sequence tag (EST)
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A special type of STS derived from a region of DNA that is expressed by transcription into mRNA
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nanopore detector
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Detector that allows a single strand of DNA through a molecular pore and records its characteristics as it passes through
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Sequence tagged site (STS)
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A short sequence (usually 100-500bp) that is unique within the genome and can be easily detected, usually by PCR.
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radiation hybrid
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A cell (usually from a rodent) that contains fragments of chromosomes (generated by irradiation) from another species.
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contig
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A stretch of DNA sequence that is contiguous and lacks gaps
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Human Genome Project
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Program to sequence all the DNA making up the human genome
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shotgun sequencing
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Approach in which the genome is broken into many random short fragments for sequencing. The complete genome sequence is then assembled by computerized searching for overlaps between individual sequences
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gigabase pair (Gbp)
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10^9 base pairs
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polymorphism
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A difference in DNA sequence between two related individual organisms
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simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP)
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Any DNA region consisting of tandem repeats that vary in number from individual to individual, including VNTRs, microsatallites, and other tandem repeats.
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single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
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A difference in DNA sequence of a single base change between two individuals
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exon trapping
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Experimental procedure for isolating exons by using their flanking splice recognition sites
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bioinformatics
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The computerized analysis of large amounts of biological sequence data.
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data mining
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The use of computer analysis to find useful information by filtering or sifting through large amounts of data
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genome mining
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The use of computer analysis to find useful information by filtering or sifting through large amounts of biological sequence data
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