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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Orthoclase (K-rich feldspar)
2 cleavages, almost 90 degrees Hardness x6 Vitreous luster (resembles glass) Common in granite Often pink but may be white or gray (Non-metallic) |
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Plagioclase (Na-rich feldspar)
2 cleavages, almost 90 degrees Hardness 6 Striations Vitreous luster (resembles glass) Found in light colored igneous rocks (Non-metallic) |
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Crystal Quartz (SiO2)
Hexagonal (6 sided prism), pointed ends Hardness 7 No cleavage, conchoidal fracture One of the most common minerals Vitreous luster (resembles glass) (Non-metallic) |
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Chalcedony (SiO2)
Type of quartz Hardness 7 No cleavage, conchoidal fracture Compact microcrystalline quartz Waxy luster (Non-metallic) |
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Olivine
Green to yellow No cleavage - Commonly granular masses Hardness 6 1/2 to 7 Streak white Coarse grained Commonly found in gabbro and basalt (Non-metallic) |
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Halite (NaCl)
Clear to white 3 directions of cleavage at 90 degrees Salty taste Hardness 2 1/2 (Non-metallic) |
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Calcite (CaCo3)
Fizzes with acid Clear - white to yellow 3 directions of cleavage - not at 90 degrees Hardness 3 (Non-metallic) |
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Gypsum Selenite
Clear to white 2 directions of cleavage Hardness 2 (Non-metallic) |
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Muscovite Mica
Clear to light yellow 1 direction of cleavage (breaks in thin sheets) Vitreous luster (resembles glass) Fluorescent Hardness 4 (Non-metallic) |
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Fluorite
White, yellowish, or purple 4 directions of cleavage Vitreous luster (resembles glass) Fluorescent Hardness 4 (Non-metallic) |
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Talc
Pale green to white Soapy, greasy feel Hardness 1 Foliated appearance Formed by low grade metamorphism (Non-metallic) |
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Augite
Green to black 2 directions of cleavage at nearly 90 degrees Hardness 5-6 Found in igneous rocks § Basalt Gabbro (Non-metallic) |
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Hornblende
Black, long columnar crystals 2 directions of cleavage at 60 degrees Splintery appearance Hardness 5-6 Common in igneous and metamorphic rocks (Non-metallic) |
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Plagioclase (Ca-rich feldspar)
Dark colored 2 directions of cleavage at almost 90o Striations on some cleavage surfaces Hardness 6 (Non-metallic) |
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Almandine Garnet
Deep red No cleavage, irregular fracture 12 sided crystals Hardness 6.5-7.5 White streak (Non-metallic) |
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Grossular Garnet
Green, yellow, pink, purple, etc. colors No cleavage, irregular fracture 12 sided crystals Hardness 6.5-7.5 White streak (Non-metallic) |
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Smoky Quartz (SiO2)
Gray to black No cleavage, Granular masses Concoidal fracture Vitreous luster Hardness 7 (Non-metallic) |
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Biotite Mica
Brown to black 1 direction of cleavage (flat) Easy to break into thin flexible sheets Hardness 2.5-3 Shiny, thin layers (Non-metallic) |
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Sphalerite (ZnS)
Yellow brown to black Color resulting from variable iron content 6 directions of cleavage Resinous luster Hardness 3.5-4 White to yellow streak Commonly associated with galena |
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Oolitic Hematite Brick red to red brown Earthly luster Oolitic (rounded granules) Red streak |
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Limonite
Yellow to yellow-brown to brown-black Earthly luster Yellow-brown streak Hardness 5-5.5 |
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Graphite (C)
Gray to black Marks paper easily, used as pencil "lead" Hardness 1 Greasy feel |
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Magnetite (Fe3O4)
Black, Magnetic Hardness 6 Streak black Well-shaped crystals and/or granular masses |
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Pyrite (FeS2)
Brassy, "fools gold" Hardness 6 Green-black streak Crystallizes into cubes |
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Chalcopyrite
Brass-yellow Some iridescence Hardness 3.5-4 Green-black streak Most important ore of copper |
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Galena (PbS)
Shiny gray 3 directions of cleavage Hardness 3.5-4 Very dense and heavy |
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Specular Hematite (Fe2O3)
Silver, black or red Many tiny glittering flakes Hardness 5-6 Red streak |
