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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Organisms that use organic compounds of one sort or another as their carbon and energy sources
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chemoorganotrophs
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What is microbial nutrition?
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Supplying cells with the chemical tools they need to make monomers.
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Chemical tools equal?
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nutrients
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Name macronutrients
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Carbon
Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur Potassium Magnesium Sodium Calcium Iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+) |
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Some prokaryotes are autotrophs, meaning what?
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They buildall of theri organic structures from CO2 with energy from light or inorganic chemicals.
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Dry weight carbon composition of a typical cell.
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50%
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Typical bacterial cell nitrogen composition
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12% (dry weight)
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What are different nitrogen sources for bacteria?
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Most can use inorganic nitrogen as ammonia, many can use nitrate (NO3-) Certain "nitrogen fixing" bacteria are the only ones that can use N2.
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Phosphorous used in cells for
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synthesis of nucleic acids and phospholipids
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Sulfur needs for microbe nutrition
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structural role in amino acids cysteine and methionine
Present in vitamins thiamine, biotin, lipoic acid, coenzyme A |
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Sulfur changes and origins
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Usually originates from inorganic sulfate or sulfide SO4-- or HS-
Many transformations of sulfur carried out exclusively by microorgs. |
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Who needs potassium
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all organisms
many enzymes, specifically those for protein synthesis |
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Magnesium uses
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stabilize ribosomes and cell membranes and nucleic acids
required for many enzymes |
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Calcium uses
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not essential for growth of many microorgs.
helps stabilize bacterial cell walls helps with heat stability of endospores |
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sodium
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required by some but not all for growth
reflects habitat |
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iron uses
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major role in cellular respiration
major component of cytochromes and iron-sulfur proteins in electron transport |