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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Aflotoxin:
Aspergillis - |
Animals feeds
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Mycotoxins:
Neurotoxins: Phalliodin, amanitin Amanita |
Poisonous mushrooms.
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Saxitoxin produced by dinoflagellates which causes
___ ____ ____. |
Paralytic shellfish poisoning.
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There are 5 portals of bodily exit. Name them.
GSRBG |
GSRBG
1- Genitourinary tract. 2- Skin. 3- Respiratory. 4- Blood (biting arthropods, syringes). 5- Gastrointestinal tract. |
GSRBG
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The lack of resistance to a disease is ____.
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Susceptibility.
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The ability to ward off disease is ___.
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Resistance.
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Defenses against any pathogen is ___ ___.
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Nonspecific resistance.
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Immunity, resistance to a particular pathogen is ___ ___.
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Specific resistance.
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7 Mechanical factors that assist in resisting disease.
SC sluvm |
1- Saliva
2- Ciliary escalator. 3- Skin (unbroken). 4- lacrimal apparatur (eyes) 5- urine 6- vaginal secretions 7- Mucous membranes. |
SC sluvm
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5 "Chemical" factors that assist in warding off disease.
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1- Fungistatic fatty acid (oil)
2- Low pH (3-5 skin) 3- Lysozyme in perspiration, tears, saliva... 4- Low pH (1-3) of gastric juice 5- Transferrins in blood find iron. |
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What is a phagocyte?
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Phago=eat
cyte= cell Ingestion of microbes or particles by a cell, perfromed by phagocytes. Mechnikov discovered this. |
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Defenses against any pathogen.
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Innate (nonspecific).
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What is a specific anitbody lymphocyte response to an antigen.
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Immunity.
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A substance that causes the body to produce specific antibodies or sensitized "T" cells.
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Antigen (Ag).
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Proteins made in response to an antigen.
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Antibody (Ab).
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Study of reactions between antibodies and antigens.
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Serology.
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Generic term for serum because it contains Ab.
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Antiserum.
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Serum proteins are called ___.
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Globulins.
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Serum fraction containing Ab is called ___.
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GAmma globulin.
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Developed during an individual's lifetime is what kind of immunity?
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Acquired immunity.
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hint= like scotch it's an acquired taste.
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What kind of immunity involves T cells?
All T cells' immunity is ___ ___. |
Cell-mediated immunity.
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What "kind" of immunity results from an infection?
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Naturally acquired active immunity.
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hint= active infection.
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What "kind" of immunity is transplacental or via colostrum ? Not Ab.
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Naturally acquired PASSIVE immunity (yet temporary).
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hint= Passive = placenta
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What kind of immunity comes from an injection of Ag (antigen) (vaccination)?
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Artificially acquired active immunity. DPT, MMR,...
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hint= injections of antibodies are passive and antigens are active???
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What kind of immunity comes from an "INJECTION" of Ab (antibodies)?
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Aritficially acquired passive immunity. Hepititis A.
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What is the most common form of antibodies?
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IgG.
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hint= Gee, there are alot of these!
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This antibody is a monomer, 80% of serum anitbodies, fix commplement, in blood, lymph, intestine, Enhance phagocytosis, neutralize toxins and viruses; protects fetus and newborn.
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IgG.
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hint= there is a big letter on a pregnant bellie.
Is the most of any Ab. |
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Which antibody crosses the placenta?
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IgG
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hint= Gee, it crosses the placenta!
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This antibody resembles a stop sign shape; penta.
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IgM
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There is about 5-10% of this antibody in the blood.
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IgM
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This anitbody is NOT a monomer and in the blood, lymph, and on B cells.
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IgM
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This antibody is the first Ab produced in response to infection and has a half-life of 5 days.
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IgM
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This antibody is nick-named "the secret Ab".
(secretions) because the Ab secrets. |
IgA
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hint=the secret grocery store.
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This antibody is a Dimer, 10-15% in blood, in secretions, mucosal protection, half-life = 6 days.
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IgA
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hint= 5 and dimer.
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This antibody is a monomer, .02% of serum, in blood, lymph, on B cells, initiate immune response, hlf-life=3 days.
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IgD
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This antibody is a MONOMER not a penta, .002% of serum, on mast cells and basophils, in blood, allergic reactions; lysis of parasitic worms, half-life = 2 days.
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IgE
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hint= alergEEE's and parasites
Eeeoooo |
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If you suffer from allergies or have a parasytic worm this antibody count will be high in the blody.
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IgE
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Monocytes increase during ___ ___.
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Viral infections.
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hint= use monostat when viral yeast "infections" are high.
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Lymphocytes are associated with __, __, and __ __ cells.
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B, T, and NK cells.
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Which "cell" secrets Ab?
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"B" cells secret antibodies.
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hint= Cell "B" is a secret.
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T cells mediate ____.
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Immunity.
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NK cells are responsible for immuno ___.
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Surveilance.
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The body doesn't make Ab against itself. The process of destroying B and T cells that react to self antigens is called ___ ___.
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Clonal deletion.
So the body doesn't make antibodies against itself. |
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What is antibody titer?
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It's the amount of Ab in serum.
more IgG but Igm produces 1st. |
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These "stimulate" Th cells.
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Interleukin-1
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This immune system "increase" activity of macrophages.
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Interferons.
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hint= interferring with macrophages.
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These "T cells activate" cells related to cell-mediated immunity.
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Helper T cells (Th cells).
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Hint= let me help you get activated.
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These T cells destroy target cells with perforin (causes holes to form in a cell-perforation).
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Cytotoxic T cells.
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hint= Cyto like Cyclops.
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These "T cells" are associated with allergic reaction, transplant rejection, and tuberculin skin test.
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Delayed hypersensitivity T cells.
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hint=
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These T cells "turn off" immune response when Ag (antigens) are no longer present.
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Suppressor T cells.
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These Lymphocytes destroy virus-infected cells like tumors.
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NK cells. Immuno-surveilance.
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