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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which of the following scientists proposed a four-kingdom system of taxonomy for the classification of eukaryotes?
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Whittaker
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Which of the following kingdoms contains eukaryotic microbes?
Monera and Protista Protista Animalia Monera |
Protista
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The protozoa are noted for which of the following?
nucleus cell wall locomotive structures chloroplasts |
locomotive structures
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All of the following describe fungi EXCEPT:
They can be classified morphologically as yeasts or molds. They are non-photosynthetic. They have cell walls. They have no nuclear membrane. |
They have no nuclear membrane.
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Replication of an organism's genetic material is a central part of which of the following life processes?
responsiveness metabolism reproduction growth |
reproduction
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An organism that can live and grow in the presence OR absence of oxygen is a(n)
aerotolerant anaerobe. facultative anaerobe. obligate aerobe. obligate anaerobe. |
facultative anaerobe
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A chemoheterotroph gets its energy from __________ and uses __________ forms of carbon.
light; organic chemicals; organic light; inorganic chemicals; inorganic |
chemicals; organic
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of algae?
they are found in both marine and freshwater habitats they obtain nutrients via photosynthesis they are composed of eukaryotic cells they exist only in unicellular forms |
they exist only in unicellular forms
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Which of the following photosynthetic pigments is used by a wide variety of organisms, including green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria?
bacteriochlorophyll chlorophyll b chlorophyll a bacteriochlorophyll and chlorophyll a |
chlorophyll a
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Agar is derived from the cell walls of which of the following?
fungi algae protozoa bacteria |
algae
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Neurospora is a fungus that has played a role in which of the following areas of application?
industrial fermentation genetics research bioremediation techniques antibiotic production |
genetics research
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Water molds were once classified as fungi on the basis of which of the following characteristics?
ability to degrade and absorb organic compounds presence of a nucleus filamentous growth cell walls containing chitin |
filamentous growth
In spite of their filamentous growth, water molds are not true molds; they differ from the true fungi chemically, metabolically, and morphologically. |
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Microbiologists study parasitic helminths because these organisms ....
have microscopic infective and diagnostic life stages. have cell walls that are similar to those of other microbes. produce spores similar to many bacteria. are about the same size as bacteria in their adult forms. |
have microscopic infective and diagnostic life stages
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Genetic material would NOT be found in which of the following locations inside a eukaryotic cell?
chloroplast mitochondrion Golgi body nucleus |
Golgi body
In eukaryotic cells, genetic material of varying types can be found in the nucleus and mitochondria. Chloroplasts, present only in photosynthetic eukaryotic cells, also contain genetic material. |
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Carolus Linnaeus was the scientist responsible for the foundations of
the germ theory. modern taxonomy. epidemiology. genetics. |
modern taxonomy.
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In the taxonomy of plants and fungi, the division is a taxon equivalent to which of the following?
kingdom genus phylum species |
phylum
"Division" is a taxon used to classify plants and fungi at the same taxonomic level that a zoologist would call a "phylum." |
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Which of the following is NOT a locomotive structure found in protozoa?
cilia fimbriae flagella pseudopodia |
fimbriae
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Conjugation as a microbial process involves the transfer of which of the following?
enzymes ribosomes genetic material inclusions |
genetic material
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The formation of spores by fungi is a part of which of the following processes? .
responsiveness metabolism reproduction growth |
reproduction
Formation of either sexual or asexual spores is a primary reproductive strategy in most fungi. |
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Arachnids have __________ pairs of legs as adults.
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four
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Free-living microbes that are the foundation of aquatic food chains are called _____
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plankton
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All of the following are characteristics of amoebae EXCEPT:
movement by pseudopodia. most are nonpathogenic to humans. bioluminescence. some have protein or silica shells. |
bioluminescence.
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Derived from certain types of algae, diatomaceous earth is a product used as a thickening agent in food.
True or False |
False
Diatomaceous earth is an abrasive substance used in a variety of industrial products such as polishing compounds and detergents. |
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All of the following terms are associated with sexual reproduction EXCEPT:
gamete. schizont. zygote. meiosis. |
schizont.
A schizont is a multinucleate cell resulting from asexual reproduction. |
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The protozoan Plasmodium reproduces using a unique method of asexual reproduction called ______
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schizogony
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All of the following groups of protozoa have names related to their form of locomotion EXCEPT:
apicomplexans. dinoflagellates. amoebae. ciliates. |
apicomplexans.
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Cells duplicate their DNA during
anaphase. prophase. telophase. interphase. |
interphase.
Telophase, prophase, and anaphase are all stages of mitosis. Cells duplicate their DNA during interphase, the time between cell divisions. |
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Cytokinesis can occur separately from mitosis.
True False |
True
Cytokinesis refers solely to division of the cytoplasm, which may or may not occur after division of the nucleus. |
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Meiosis produces
four diploid nuclei. two haploid nuclei. four haploid nuclei. two diploid nuclei. |
four haploid nuclei.
Meiosis produces four haploid nuclei from a single diploid nucleus |
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Instead of phylum, the term _____ is used in the broad classification of fungi and algae.
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division
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During which of the following stages of mitosis do chromosomes consist of two chromatids?
prophase and metaphase prophase and telophase metaphase and anaphase anaphase and telophase |
prophase and metaphase
During prophase and metaphase, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids; after their separation in anaphase, each sister chromatid is a unique chromosome. |
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Dinoflagellates are classified as a type of protozoa based on the presence of __________ in their cells.
a cellulose cell wall starch photosynthetic pigments alveoli |
alveoli
Although they were historically classified as algae, dinoflagellates are now classified as protozoa on the basis of their 18S rRNA sequences and the presence of alveoli in their cells. |
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During fungal sexual reproduction, a specialized type of cell called a dikaryon is formed.
True False |
True
Even though this cell contains two sets of chromosomes, and is therefore technically diploid, it is not characterized as being diploid or haploid. |
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Which of the following events does NOT happen during conjugation?
fusion of haploid macronuclei disintegration of the macronucleus exchange of micronuclei between cells formation of a new macronucleus from micronuclei |
fusion of haploid macronuclei
Fusion occurs between haploid micronuclei, not macronuclei. |
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A special group of Euglenozoa called _____ is named after unique regions of mitochondrial DNA located in their single large mitochondrion.
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kinetoplastids
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Which of the following stages is responsible for generating the genetic variation associated with meiosis?
prophase II anaphase II metaphase II prophase I |
prophase I
Crossing over, also known as recombination, occurs during the first stage of meiosis, prophase I. |
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Mechanical vectors are arthropods that serve as hosts for microbial pathogens.
True False |
False
Biological vectors serve as hosts for pathogens; mechanical vectors merely carry pathogens. |
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Which of the following groups of protozoa contains members capable of producing neurotoxins?
kinetoplastids ciliates euglenids dinoflagellates |
dinoflagellates
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There are no clear boundaries between the four phases of mitosis.
True False |
True
Although there are clear distinctions between the four phases of mitosis, there are no boundaries between them; the cell progresses from one phase to the next in a seamless manner. |
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During _____ of mitosis, sister chromatids are separated and move toward the poles of the cell.
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anaphase
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All of the following terms are associated with sexual reproduction EXCEPT:
schizont. zygote. meiosis. gamete. |
schizont.
A schizont is a multinucleate cell resulting from asexual reproduction. |
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Cells duplicate their DNA during
telophase. prophase. interphase. anaphase. |
interphase.
Telophase, prophase, and anaphase are all stages of mitosis. Cells duplicate their DNA during interphase, the time between cell divisions. |
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During which of the following stages of mitosis do chromosomes consist of two chromatids?
metaphase and anaphase prophase and metaphase anaphase and telophase prophase and telophase |
prophase and metaphase
During prophase and metaphase, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids; after their separation in anaphase, each sister chromatid is a unique chromosome. |
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Which of the following events does NOT happen during conjugation?
fusion of haploid macronuclei exchange of micronuclei between cells disintegration of the macronucleus formation of a new macronucleus from micronuclei |
fusion of haploid macronuclei
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Which of the following stages is responsible for generating the genetic variation associated with meiosis?
prophase II anaphase II prophase I metaphase II |
prophase I
Crossing over, also known as recombination, occurs during the first stage of meiosis, prophase I. |
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Meiosis produces
four diploid nuclei. two haploid nuclei. four haploid nuclei. two diploid nuclei. |
four haploid nuclei.
Meiosis produces four haploid nuclei from a single diploid nucleus |
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Dinoflagellates are classified as a type of protozoa based on the presence of __________ in their cells.
a cellulose cell wall starch photosynthetic pigments alveoli |
alveoli
Although they were historically classified as algae, dinoflagellates are now classified as protozoa on the basis of their 18S rRNA sequences and the presence of alveoli in their cells. |
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All of the following groups of protozoa have names related to their form of locomotion EXCEPT:
dinoflagellates. amoebae. ciliates. apicomplexans. |
apicomplexans.
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Which of the following groups of protozoa contains members capable of producing neurotoxins?
ciliates dinoflagellates euglenids kinetoplastids |
dinoflagellates
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All of the following are characteristics of amoebae EXCEPT:
movement by pseudopodia. some have protein or silica shells. most are nonpathogenic to humans. bioluminescence. |
bioluminescence.
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Which of the following structures is associated only with pathogenic fungi?
a thallus haustoria a mycelium a sporangium |
haustoria
This term refers to a type of reproductive structure found in certain kinds of fungi |
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Microsporidia belong to which of the following groups?
division Basidiomycota division Deuteromycota division Ascomycota division Zygomycota |
division Zygomycota
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Mushrooms belong to which of the following groups?
division Basidiomycota division Ascomycota division Zygomycota division Deuteromycota |
division Basidiomycota
The division Basidiomycota includes mushrooms as well as puffballs and bracket fungi |
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Which group of algae is most similar to plants in terms of their cell wall composition and chlorophyll?
Chrysophyta Chlorophyta Rhodophyta Phaeophyta |
Chlorophyta
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Which group of algae produces alginic acid, a substance often used as a thickening agent?
Chlorophyta Rhodophyta Chrysophyta Phaeophyta |
Phaeophyta
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The slime molds were once thought to be a type of __________ but now they are classified as a type of __________.
fungus; algae algae; fungus fungus; protozoan protozoan; fungus |
fungus; protozoan
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What is the stimulus for the reproduction of a plasmodial slime mold?
presence of other slime molds presence of water darkness absence of water or food |
absence of water or food
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The most important arthropod vector of disease is the
fly. louse. mosquito. tick. |
mosquito.
These is a disease vector, but female mosquitoes, because they feed on blood, transmit a wide variety of serious diseases. |
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Which of the following groups of protozoa is thought to have descended from eukaryotes that lost their organelles?
Alveolates Diplomonadida Amoebozoa Euglenozoa |
Diplomonadida
The members of the Diplomonadida lack true mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and peroxisomes |
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Which of the following is NOT classified as an insect vector?
mosquitoes lice fleas mites |
mites
Fleas, lice, and mosquitoes are all examples of insect vectors, while mites are a type of arachnid vector. |