Microbiology - Bacteria

Front 1

Crosslinkages between the 4 AA chains in the cell wall are catalyzed by what enzyme?
What drug targets it?

Back 1

Transpeptidase

Penecillin

Front 2

What are 6 Gram positive bac?

Back 2

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Clostridium
Bacillus
Corynebacterium
Listeria

Front 3

Which of the gram pos are spore forming rods?

Back 3

Clostridium and Bacillus

Front 4

Which of the gram pos rods are not spore forming?

Back 4

Corynebacterium and Listeria

Front 5

Non Gram neg and Non gram pos

Back 5

1. Mycobacterium-Acid fast
2. Spirochetes - gram neg, but additional outter mb for steath, also conceals periplasmic flagella
3.Mycoplasma - no cell wall

Front 6

Erythromycin targets?

Back 6

50s subunit

Front 7

Tetracycline targets?

Back 7

30s subunit

Front 8

The only Gram neg coccus is?

Back 8

Neisseria

Front 9

Obligate intracellular parasites?

Back 9

Rikettsia and Chalmydia
Require host for energy

Front 10

Vibrio Cholerae motility?

Back 10

Yes, Has long single polar flagells

Front 11

E.Coli, Proteus mirabolis Motility?

Back 11

yes, have many peritrichous flagella

Front 12

Shigella motility?

Back 12

NOPE

Front 13

Strep pneumoniae virulence?

Back 13

Capsule
-opsonization of capsule can help phagocytosis

Front 14

The only gram pos who releases LPS (lipid A)?

Back 14

Listeria monocytogenes

Front 15

Regular Diarrhea caused by?

Back 15

Exotoxin of Vibrio Cholera, E. coli, campylobacter jejuni. etc

Hint 15

Cholera toxin and heat labile E.coli toxin> increased cAMP levels which inhibits NaCl absorption> regular diarrhea and dehydration

E.coli heat stabile toxin> increased cGMP levels...

Front 16

What causes bloody diarrhea?

Back 16

Shigella via Shiga toxin that kills intestinal cells> blood and poor absorption

Front 17

Two Pyrogenic toxins?
Ones bad, ones REALLY bad

Back 17

S.pyogenes> Scarlet fever (sepsis and IL1)

TSST from S.aureus> same thing

Front 18

Tissue invasive toxins?

Back 18

Streptolysins, streptokinase, DNAases, Hyauluronidase, Collagenase, etc

Front 19

Streptolysin O vs S?

Back 19

Streptolysin O is Oxygen labile
Streptolysin S is oxygen stabile

Front 20

Pertussis toxin?

Back 20

Whooping cough from Bordetella pertusis.

Front 21

Clostridium difficile toxins A and B?

Back 21

A causes diarhhrea via fluid secretion
B attacks cells> bloody diarrhea

AKA pseudomembranous enterocolitis

Front 22

Lactobacillus

Back 22

Gram positive, aciduric

Front 23

Staph Aureus toxicity?

Back 23

Coagulase + (rest staph are neg)
Protein A - binds to Fc of IgG preventing complement cascade
TSST
Hyaulronidase, exfoliatin, Beta-lactamase (inactivates pen)

Front 24

Staphylococci Oxygen metabolism?

Back 24

Facultative anerobes

Front 25

Acid fast baceria

Back 25

Mycobacterium
Norcardia (weakly acid fast)
-stain due to large amounts of Mycolic acid

Front 26

TB in bones?

Back 26

Potts disease

*dont confuse with Potts=scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps

Front 27

Mycobacterium sp?

Back 27

M. tuberculae - upper airway (Ghon focus and complex>caseous necrosis)

Front 28

LPS induces complement via?

Back 28

Alternative pathway... attaches C3b automatically

Front 29

Virulence of Strep pneumoniae?

Back 29

Capsule
IgA protease

Front 30

Lactic acid bacteria?

Back 30

Lactobacillus and Strep... produce lactic acid
Aciduric and acidogenic

Front 31

When E.coli is pathogenic what 3 problems can it cause?

Back 31

1. intestinal problems (obvious)
2. UTIs
3. Neonatal meningitis

Front 32

IgA protease bacteria?

Back 32

"Niece Strip of Haem"
Neisseria
Strep Pneumonae
Haemophilus influenzae

Front 33

Pseudomonas auriginosa toxicity?

Back 33

Exozyme S and Exotoxin A

think "SeudomonAs"

Opprotunisitc pathogen with antibiotic resistance

Front 34

Localized Agressive Perio

Back 34

Aa (the long one)
Capnocytophagia orchacnus

Front 35

Generalized Aggressive Perio

Back 35

Prevotella and Eikonella

Front 36

ANUG

Back 36

Prevotella and Spriochetes (Treponema denticola)
Mainly Anaerobic

Front 37

Root caries

Back 37

Actinomycetes

Front 38

Subacute bacterial endocarditis from dental plaque

Back 38

Strep Sanguis, Strep viridans

Front 39

Chronic perio

Back 39

porphyromonas gingivalis with many of the others

Front 40

Exotoxin A of P.aruginoas and Diptheria toxin mechanism?

Back 40

causes ADP ribosylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (kills cells)

Front 41

Lysozyme mechanism?

Back 41

Cleaves bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine (peptidoglycan) of cell wall