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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Statistical Rariety
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Many mental disorders are uncommon in the population.
Not all rare disorders are pathological and many are common. |
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Subjective Distress
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Many mental disorders produce emotional pain.
Not all psychological disorders produce distress. |
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Impairment
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More mental disordxers interfere with people's ability to function in everyday life.
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Societal Disapproval
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Thomas Szasz said mental disorders are nothing more that what society dislikes
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Biological Disfunction
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Mental disorders recult from breakdowns or failures of our physiological systems.
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Demonic Model (1st)
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view of mental illness in which odd behavior, hearing voices, or talking to one self was attributed to evil spirits infesting the body
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Medical Model (2nd)
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perception that reguarded mental illness as due to physical disorder requiring medical treatment
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Asylums
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Institutions fo the mentally ill.
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Moral treatment
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approach to mental illness calling for dignity, kindness, and respect for the mentally ill.
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Deinstitutionalization
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1960s and 1970s governmental policy that focused on realasing hospitalized psychiatric paitents into the community and closing mental hospitals.
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Non-Western Cultures:
Asian Countries-Koro |
people who believe that their penis and testicles disapear into their abdomen. Triggers wide-spread panics
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Non-Western Cultures:
Malaysia, Phillipenes-Amok |
"Going wild", intense sadness and uncontrolled behavior
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Western Cultures:
Bulima nervosa |
patterns of binging and throwing up.
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Western Cultures:
Anorexia |
Excessive weight loss and absence of eating
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Interrator reliability
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the extent to which different raters agreee on paitients diagnoses
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Four major mental disorders
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Schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders and alcoholism.
Correlations between raters of .8/1.0 |
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Labeling theorists
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psychiatric diagnoses exert powerful negative effects on people's perceptions and behaviors.
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Anxiety Disorders
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Most prevalent of all disorders
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somatoform disorders
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people experience physical symptoms that suggect an underlying medical illness, but are actually psychological orgin.
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hypochondriasis
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A type of somatoform disorder- people who are continually preocupied with the idea that they're suffering from a serious physical disease.
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Panic attack
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Nervous feelings build up to a freak out.
Last less than 10 min includes sweating, pounding of heart, shortness of breath. |
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Panic disorder
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repeated and unexpected panic attacks along with either persistent concerns about future attacks or a change in personal behavior in attempt to avoid them.
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Generalized anxiety disorder
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Continual feelings of worry, anxiety, physical tension, and irritability across may areas of life functioning.
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Phobia
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An intense fear of an object or situation that's greatly out of proportion to its actual threat.
One in nine people. |
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Agorophobia
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Fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or embarassing.
Help in unavailable in the event of a panic attack |
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Specific Phobias
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Fear that commonly arises in response to animals, insects, thunderstorms, water, elevators, and darkness.
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Social Phobia
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Fear of public appearances in which embarassment is possible
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(PTSD) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
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Marked emotional distubance after experiencing or witnessing a severely stressful event.
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Flashbacks
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Reoccurances in the mind of a previous event that caused PTSD.
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Obsessive-Compulsive disorder
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Condition marked by repeated and lengthy immersion in obsession and compulsions
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Obsessions
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Persistent ideas, thoughts, or impulses that are unwanted and inapropriate, causing marked distress
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Compulsions
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Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that they initiate to reduce or prevent obsession
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Major Depressive Mood
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State ibn which a person experiences a lingering depressed mood or dimished interest in pleasurable activities, symptoms of weight loss and loss of sleep
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Cognitive model of depression
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theory that depression is caused by negative beliefs and expectations
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learned helplessness
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tendensy to feel helpless in the face of events we can't control
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Manic episode
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experience marked by dramatically elevated mood, decreased need for sleep, increased energy, inflated self-esteem, increases talkativeness, and irresponsible behavior
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Bipolar disorder
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condition makred by the history of at least one manic episode
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Dissasociative disorders
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contitions incolving disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception
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Depersonalization disorder
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Condition makred by multiple episodes of depersonalization
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Dissociative amnesia
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Inability to recall important personal imformation
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Dissociative fugue
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Sudden, unexpected travelt away from home or the workplace, accompanied by amnesia for significant life events.
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(DID) Dissociative identity disorder
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condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personalities state that recurrently take control of the person's behavior
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Schizophrenia
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severe disorder of thought and emotion associated with a loss of contact with reality
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Delusions
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strongly held, fixed beliefs that have no basis in reality
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psychotic symptoms
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psychological problems reflecting serious distortions in reality
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Hallucinations
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sensory perceptions that occur in the absense of an external stimulus
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Catatonic symptoms
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motor problems, including extreme resistance to complying with simple suggestions, holding the body in bizarre or rigid postures, or curling up in the fetal position.
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Diathesis-stress models
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perspective proposing the mental disorders are a joint product of a genetic vulnerability called diathesis and stressors that trigger vulnerability
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Personality Disorder
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Condition in which personalit traits appearing first in adolescense are infelxible, stable, expressed in a wide variety of situations, and lead to distress or impairment
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