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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
►Mesenteries are double layers of
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peritoneum
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Mesenteries are double layers of peritoneum
provide a pathway for = 3ct |
blood vessels
nerves lymphatics |
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A ventral mesentery or ventral mesogastrium attaches the stomach and duodenum to =
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liver
ventral abdominal wall. |
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Review
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Review
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Review
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Classic GI Obstruction =
4ct At Pyloris |
Abdominal Distention
Abd-Px Emisis Absolute Constipation |
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Age related Gastric outlet obstructions are typically =
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NB- CongenitalHyperplasia of pylorus
Elderly = Gastro Carcinoma Younger Pt 20s = Ulcer |
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4 layers of Gastro epithelial layers
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Mucosa
Submucosa Muscularis Serosa |
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Development of Stomach dbls up from =
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distal part of the foregut
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___________ border of the stomach grows faster than its
_________ _________. |
dorsal
ventral border |
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As the stomach enlarges
and acquires its adult shape, it slowly rotates |
90
degrees in a clockwise direction around its longitudinal axis |
The effects of rotation on the stomach are
The ventral border (lesser curvature) moves to the right and the dorsal border (greater curvature) moves to the left |
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Surface mucous cells lining the stomach, mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells, and enteroendocrine cells comprising the gastric glands of the definitive stomach are derived from =
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endoderm
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source: BRS, page 101, 3rd edi
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The lamina propria; muscularis mucosae; submucosa; the outer longitudinal, middle circular, and inner oblique layers of smooth muscle of the muscularis externa; and the serosa of the definitive stomach are derived from visceral =
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mesoderm
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis aka
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Gastric outlet obstruction
occurs when the muscularis externa in the pyloric region hypertrophies, causing a narrow pyloric lumen that obstructs food passage. |
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In Pyloric Stenosis- ________ _______
in the pyloric region hypertrophies, |
muscularis externa
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Vomiting usually starts around __
weeks of age |
3
The infant is hungry after vomiting and wants to feed again |
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis S/S
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Abdominal pain
Belching ( the release of gas from the GIT through the mouth). Constant hunger Dehydration , UO ▼ Failure to gain weight or weight loss Wave-like motion of the abdomen shortly after feeding and just before vomiting occurs |
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Exams and Tests
The condition is usually diagnosed before the baby is 6 months old. |
The infant may have a swollen belly
O/E: abnormal pylorus, which feels like an olive-shaped mass, when touching the stomach area. ultrasound of the abdomen may be the first imaging test performed. |
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis :
Alternative Names Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; Gastric outlet obstruction |
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; Gastric outlet obstruction
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
occurs when the |
muscularis externa in the pyloric region hypertrophies,
causing a narrow pyloric lumen that obstructs food passage. |
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
is associated clinically with |
projectile, nonbilious vomiting after feeding
a small, palpable mass at the right costal margin; increased incidence has been found in infants treated with the antibiotic, erythromycin |
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Vomiting usually starts around __ weeks of age |
3 wks
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Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Treatment for pyloric stenosis involves surgery = |
pyloromyotomy
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Early in the -- week the duodenum begins to develop
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4th wk
The junction of the two parts of the duodenum is just distal to the origin of the |
bile duct.
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______ artery which supplies foregut
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Celiac
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____ _____ arteries which supplies midgut.
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Superior mesenteric
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Anomalies of Duodenum
2ct |
Duodenal Atresia is what =
Duodenal Stenosis s what = |
not developed properly
(failure of recanalization). Incomplete recanalization |
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Incomplete recanalization of the duodenal lumen =
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Duodenal stenosis :
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duodenum) has not developed properly
(failure of recanalization). |
Duodenal Atresia :
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Duodenal Atresia/ Duodenal stenosis:
Congenital anomalies often associated with Duodenal atresia/stenosis are |
Down syndrome
Anular pancreas Cardiovascular anomalies Anorectal anomalies The big anomolie is = |
Polyhydraminos
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--%- __% of all infants with duodenal atresia have Down syndrome
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20-40%
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incidence of duodenal atresia is 1 per
live births |
2500-5000
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Investigations:
for Duodenal Atresia/ Duodenal stenosis: |
A fetal ultrasound --
An abdominal x-ray may show air in the stomach |
polyhydramnios
double-bubble sign air in stomach and duodenum. |
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Since the closure of the duodenum is complete in duodenal atresia, no air is seen
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distal to the duodenum
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__ __ __ arise as a ventral outgrowth from the caudal part of the foregut
early in the __ week |
liver
gallbladder biliary duct system 4th wk |
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