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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
standard size
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building brick (common brick)
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molding brick (three processes)
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2. dry-press process - dry mix is pressed into gang molds by plungers under high pressure (most accurate) 3. soft mud process - uses molds which moist clay is pressed by into |
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grade SW
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severe weathering, heavy rain, snow, or freezing
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grade MW
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moderate weathering, average rain, moderate freezing
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grade NW
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no weather, areas of minimal rain and no freezing, sheltered or indoor locations |
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face brick
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brick that will be exposed to view, made from controlled mixtures of clay or shale and carefully manufactured to produce high quality units in specific sizes, textures, and colors. available in SW and MW |
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grade FBX
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grade FBS |
Face brick. greater size variation and wide color range |
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grade FBA
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Face brick. non-uniform in size, color and texture
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hollow brick
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available in SW and MW |
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grade HBX |
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grade HBS |
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grade HBA |
Hollow brick. non-uniform in size color, and texture |
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brick types
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paving brick - hard and dense fire brick - made with great resistance to high temperature, fire places sewer brick - low absorption adobe brick - mixture of clay and straw, placed in molds and dried in sun nail-on brick - interiors hollow brick - net cross-sectional area is less than 60% of its gross |
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brick terms (5)
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shapes of cut brick (6)
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Brick positions and courses
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Laid with end or cull exposed called header Laid with face exposed called stretcher |
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temperature for laying brick
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40 - 90 degrees F for best results |
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mortar absorption
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thickness 1/4" - 1/2" (three bricks plus three joints equals 8") |
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brick bonding
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pattern at which bricks are laid |
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efflorescence
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can be removed by washing with high pressure water, light sandblasting, or washing with a 5% solution of muriatic acid in water (most common) |
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CMU (concrete masonry unit)
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nominal 8x8x16, actual dimensions 7-5/8x7-5/8x15-4/8, allow for 3/8" mortar joint - grades: N more severe exposure, S protection from weather |
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glass blocks
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- several standard sizes based on 4" module - never for support of structural loads - special consideration for mortar mix and control joints - introduction 1930's |
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stone |
- today used for aggregates or as a surface finish material in form of veneer, paving, shingles, counter tops, etc. |
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stone classification (3)
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2. sedimentary 3. metamorphic |
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common stone forms
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rubble stone - irregular stone with at lease one good face dimension stone - cut stone used for surface veneers, toilet partitions, flooring, stair treads, etc. flagstone - thin slabs used for paving, treads, counter tops monumental stone - used for sculpture, monuments, gravestones, etc. crushed stone - used as aggregate for concrete, asphaltic concrete, terrazzo, etc. stone dust - used as filler in asphalt flooring, shingles, paints, etc. |
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stone masonry (2 groups)
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2. ashlar masonry - stones are shaped and smoothed in rectangular blocks further categorized as coursed, uncoursed, or random |
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bond stone
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with its longest dimension perpendicular to the wall face to tie the wall to its backing
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mortar
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lime is used to improve workability and water retentivity, although it reduces the strength of the mortar |
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stone veneer joints
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stone veneer anchoring
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mortar joints (9)
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