Order Carnivora

Front 1

What are the most and second most diverse orders of mammals?

Back 1

1. Rodentia

2. Chiroptera

Front 2

In what order are Calugos, or flying lemurs?

Back 2

Dermoptera

Front 3

What word describes ability to truly fly?

Back 3

Volant

Front 4

What are the 2 suborders of order Carnivora?

Back 4

1. Feliforma

2. Caniforma

Front 5

What is the reason for the name "Carnivora"?

Back 5

Pronounced canines (NOT diet)

Front 6

Describe the digestive systems of meat eating species

Back 6

Simple stomachs and undeveloped cecums

Front 7

How are Carnoivores placed into the 2 suborders?

Back 7

By:

1. The structure of their auditory bullae

2. Aspects of their circulatory system

Front 8

Contrast the pelage of Feliforms vs Caniforms

Back 8

In feliforms, concealment is more important for ambush, so they often have patterned pelts.

In caniforms, pelage is more plain.

Front 9

Name the 6 families in suborder Feliforma

Back 9

1. Nandinia

2. Hyaenidae

3. Eupleridae

4. Herpestidae

5. Viverridae

6. Felidae

Front 10

How many species are in family Felidae?

Back 10

40

Front 11

Which family is "the most carnivorous of the carnivores" ?

Back 11

Felidae

Front 12

Describe the foot posture of Felidae

Back 12

Digitigrade with recurved and retractile claws

Front 13

Describe the dentition of Felidae

Back 13

Scarcely a trace of molar teeth behind the carnassals

Front 14

How do Felids hunt?

Back 14

By stalk and ambush

Front 15

What is the structure in the eyes of Felids which allows them to see at night?

Back 15

Tapetum lucidum

Front 16

What Feliform family is the most abundant Carnivore in the Middle East, India, and Africa?

Back 16

Hyaenidae

Front 17

Describe the diet of aardwolf

Back 17

Myremecophagous (eats ants and termites)

Front 18

Describe the diet of hyenas

Back 18

Carrion specialists

Front 19

In what family and suborder are the mongooses and meerkats?

Back 19

Herpestidae (suborder = Feliforma)

Front 20

Where can members of Herpestidae be found?

Back 20

Africa, the Middle East, and Asia

Front 21

In what family and suborder are civets and genets?

Back 21

Viverridae (suborder Feliforma)

Front 22

In what family are the dogs?

Back 22

Canidae

Front 23

About how many species are in family Canidae?

Back 23

35

Front 24

Describe the diet of family Canidae

Back 24

Eat animal prey throughout the year;

Some species seasonally eat plant material.

Front 25

Describe the body form of family Canidae and its function.

Back 25

Form: long limbs relative to head and body length

Function: To pursue prey in open habitats

Front 26

Describe the habitats of Canidae.

Back 26

Extremely variable - deserts, tropical, and arctic

Front 27

Name the 9 families in suborder Caniformia

Back 27

1. Canidae

2. Mustelidae

3. Mephitidae

4. Procyonidae

5. Ursidae

6. Ailuridae

7. Otariidae

8. Phocidae

9. Odobenidae

Front 28

Name the 3 families in the Pinnipedia

Back 28

1. Odobenidae

2. Otariidae

3. Phocidae

Front 29

Are the Pinnipedia families monophyletic, polyphyletic, or paraphyletic?

Back 29

Monophyletic

Front 30

In what family is the walrus?

Back 30

Odobenidae

Front 31

In what family are fur seals and sea lions? (Eared seals)

Back 31

Otariidae

Front 32

In what family are true seals? (Earless seals)

Back 32

Phocidae

Front 33

Name 4 animals in family Mustelidae

Back 33

1. Weasels

2. Otters

3. Badgers

4. Wolverines

Front 34

What is a characteristic body form of Mustelidae and the function?

Back 34

Form: enlarged anal scent glands

Function: musk secretion for communication and defense

Front 35

Name 2 Mustelids adapted to an aquatic life style

Back 35

1. River otter

2. Sea otter

Front 36

In what family is the skunk?

Back 36

Mephitidae

Front 37

Where is family Mephitidae found?

Back 37

New World - North and South America

Front 38

What is skunk musk secretion made of?

Back 38

Buytlmercaptan

(Containing sulphuric acid)

Front 39

Name the 2 species to know in Mephitidae

Back 39

1. Spilogale putorius (Eastern Spotted Skunk)

2. Mephitis mephitis (striped skunk)

Front 40

In what family are raccoons?

Back 40

Procyonidae

Front 41

What is the range of Procyonidae?

Back 41

New World - North and South America

Front 42

True or false: raccoon claws are retractile

Back 42

Trick question: they are semi-retractile

Front 43

Describe what body forms of Procyonidae demonstrate a departure from a carnivorous lifestyle.

Back 43

Shearing teeth modified into chewing teeth resembling molars (near molariform)

Front 44

In what family are the bears?

Back 44

Ursidae

Front 45

What is the historic range Ursidae?

Back 45

North America, Andes Mtns, Eurasia, and North Africa

Front 46

Describe teeth of Ursidae

Back 46

Canines: large

Carnassials: underdeveloped

Molars: broad, flat - 2 are elongated

Front 47

Describe the diet of Ursidae

Back 47

Omnivorous except polar bears (carnivorous)

Front 48

Which species in Ursidae is myremecophagous?

Back 48

Sloth bear

Front 49

In what family is the red/lesser panda?

Back 49

Ailuridae

Front 50

What is the range of Ailuridae?

Back 50

Himalayas in high-elevation forests and bamboo thickets

Front 51

Describe the diet of Ailuridae

Back 51

Bamboo and other vegetation

Front 52

Which of the pennipeds occur in marine, freshwater, and estuarine communities?

Back 52

Phocidae (true seals)

Front 53

What is the range of Otariidae?

Back 53

Pacific Ocean only, Arctic to Anarctic

Front 54

What is the distribution of Phocidae?

Back 54

Widespread in the northern and southern regions if oceans

Front 55

Compare and contrast the limbs of Phocidae and Otariidae

Back 55

Phocidae: limbs useless on land

Otariidae: limbs can be used for locomotion on the beach

Front 56

Describe the form and function of teeth in Odobenidae

Back 56

Form: Enormous, curved tusks.

Peg-like cheek teeth.

Function: digging for mollusks

Dealing with shells.

Front 57

What is the scientific name of the bobcat?

Back 57

Lynx rufus

Front 58

What is the most diverse family in the Carnivora?

Back 58

Mustelidae

Front 59

What are the purpose of molariform teeth in Felidae?

Back 59

Crushing and shearing

Front 60

What is the only continent that has no apex Canidae predator?

Back 60

South America

Front 61

Describe the distribution of Mustelidae

Back 61

Holarctic (northern hemisphere)

Front 62

What is the scientific name of mink?

Back 62

Mustela vison

Front 63

What is the scientific name of river otter?

Back 63

Lontra canadensis

Front 64

What is the scientific name of least weasel?

Back 64

Mustela nivilis

Front 65

What is the scientific name of long-tailed weasel?

Back 65

Mustela frenata

Front 66

Name the 4 Mustelids we need to know.

Back 66

1. Mustela vison

2. Lontra canadensis

3. Mustela nivilis

4. Mustela frenata

Front 67

Describe the distribution of Odobenidae

Back 67

Throughout the Arctic in Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Front 68

Describe the reproduction of Mustelidae

Back 68

1. Monestrus

2. Induced ovulation

3. Delayed implantation