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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the kv range for AP, Lateral, and Oblique Toes projection |
50+-55 analog 55-60 digital |
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For an AP toe what is the CR angle |
10-15 degrees toward calcaneus CR perpendicular to phalanges at MTP going of digit in question |
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Anatomy included in AP, lateral and oblique toes |
digits of interest and minimum of the distal half of metatarsals |
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What is the patient position for an AP Oblique of the toes |
rotate leg and foot 30-40 degrees medially for the first, second, and third digits, and laterally for the fourth and fifth digits |
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what is the CR for and oblique toe projection |
perpendicular to IR directed to MTP joint in question |
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what is the CR angle for a lateral toe |
cr perpendicular to IR directed to IP for the first digit and to the proximal interphalangeal joint for the second digit |
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this projection provides profile image of sesamoid bones |
tangential projection of the toes;sesamoids |
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technique for sesamoids |
50-55 analog 55-60 digital
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patient and part position for sesamoid projection |
patient prone, dorsiflex food so that the plantar surface of the foot forms about a 15-20 degree angle from vertical |
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what is the cr for a tangential projection;sesamoids |
CR perpendicular to IR directed tangentially to posterior aspect of first MTP joint |
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anatomy demonstrated for sesamoids projection |
sesamoids, and a minimum of the first three distal metatarsals should be inclued |
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what are the techniques for the AP Lateral and Oblique, and weight bearing projection of the foot |
60+-5 analog 60-70 digital |
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What is the CR angle for the AP foot |
angle CR 10 degrees toward heel (posterior), perpendicular, to the base of the third metatarsal |
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on an AP foot projection a high arch requires a _________ angle and a low arch nearer ______ to be perpendicular to metatarsals. For foreign body, CR should be ________ to IR with _____________. |
greater 15 degree angle 5 degree angle perpendicular no CR angle |
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what is the part position and CR for an AP medial rotation oblique projection of foot? |
rotate foot medially to place plantar surface 30-40 degrees to plane of IR
CR base of third metatarsal |
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The ________________ best demonstrates the space between the first and second uniforms, the navicular also is well visualized, and is rated at 30 degrees |
optional lateral oblique |
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what is the patient and part position for a lateral foot? |
flexed knee 45 degrees dorsiflex foot plantar surface is perpendicular to IR
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what is the CR and collimation for a lateral foot |
Cr perpendicular to IR directed to medial cuniform- or at level of base of third metatarsal, include minimum of 1 inch of distal tib fib |
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AP weight bearing my demonstrate this injury |
lisfranc joint injury- injury to ligaments of foot, also shows longitudinal arches |
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what is the CR angle for an AP weight bearing projection, and for lateral |
CR 15 degrees posteriorly to midpoint between feet at level of base metatarsals.
lateral CR horizontal to level of base of third metatarsal |
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what is the technique for a Plantodorsal axial projection or calcaneus |
70 +- 5 analog 70-75 kv digital |
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what is the patient and part position for a plantodorsal calcaneus projection |
center and align ankle joint to CR portion of IR being exposed and dorsiflex foot so that plantar is perpedicular |
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what is the CR angle of a plantodorasl calcaneus projection |
direct CR to base of third metatarsal with an angle of 40 cephalic |
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what is the technique for a lateral mediolateral calcaneus? |
60+-5 analog 60-70 kv digital |
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what is the CR angle for lateral mediolateral calcaneus |
CR perpendicular to IR directed to a point one inch inferior to medial malleolus
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the lateral portion of the ankle joint space should now appear open on this projection |
AP ankle |
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technique for AP,mortise, lateral,oblique ankle |
analog 60+-5 kv digital 60-70 kv |
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what is the patient position and CR angle for AP ankle |
dorsiflexed with CR perpendicular to IR directed to a point midway between malleoli |
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what anatomy should be included on an AP ankle projection |
distal one third of tib-fib, lateral and medial malleoli and talus proximal half of metatarsals |
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what is the rotation of the leg for a mortise projection of the ankle |
15-20 degrees, entire ankle joint should be open |
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AP oblique projection position and CR, what joint space should be open |
45 degree internal rotation CR directed to midway between malleoli
distal tibiofibular joint space |
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what joint space is open in an lateral ankle projection |
tibiotalar joint is open |
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what is the CR and position for a lateral ankle projection |
center to malleoli |
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what are the clinical indications of an ap stress projection of the ankle ( inversion and eversion) |
pathology involving ankle joint separation secondary to ligament tear or rupture- someone must be present to hold the stress views |
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what is the technique for tib fib projections |
70 +-5 kv analog 70-80 kv digital |
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patient position and CR of AP and lateral tib fib (leg) |
both knee joints on film (2 inches) CR perpendicular to IR directed to midpoint of leg |
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to make best ice of the anode hell effect place knee at ________ end of X-ray beam for leg projections |
cathode |
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technique for knee |
digital systems 70-85 kv |
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AP knee projection postion and CR angle |
rotate leg internally 5 degrees CR perpendicular to IR,directed at half inch distal to apex of patella
a 3-5 degree caudad angle on thin patients and 3-5 degree cephalic for thick patients |
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AP olique medial/lateral knee position and CR |
rotate leg 45 degrees same angle as ap knee CR to midpoint of knee at level half inch distal to apex of patella |
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Lateral knee position and CR |
knee flexed 2-30 in true lateral angle CR 5-7 degrees cephalad 1 inch distal to medial epicondyle |
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for a lateral angle ____ on a short patient with wide pelvis and ___ on male patient with narrow pelvis |
7-10
5 |
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AP weight-bearing bilateral knee position and CR and technique |
both feet straight ahead cr perpendicular to IR or same angles as AP knee directed to midpoint between knee joints at a level half inch below apex of patella 70+-5 analog kv 70-85 digital |
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what is the position and CR angle of a PA Axial weight bearing bilateral knee rosenburg method |
patient standing faced buckey, knees flexed 45 degrees, CR angled 10 degrees caudad and centered midpoint between knee joints half inch below apex of patella |
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PA axial projection- tunnel view: intercondylar fossa
camp coventry method position and cr angle |
prone position with flexed knee 40-50 degrees, CR to knee joint, CR angle to knee joint |
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PA axial projection- tunnel view: intercondylar fossa
holblad method position and CR angle
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patient on all fours or patient on chair leaning forward 20-30 degrees, IR under knee, CR perpendicular to IR and lower leg |
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AP axial projection- tunnel view: intercondylar fossa
beclere method |
knee is flexed 40-45 degrees Projection is AP CR perpendicular to lower leg half inch distal to apex of patella |
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PA projection Patella position and CR |
place patient in prone position, 5 degree internal rotation CR perpendicular to IR in midpatella area |
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Lateral patella position and CR angle |
true lateral with knee flexed 5-10 degrees, CR perpendicular to IR centered to midfemoropatellar joint |
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Tangential (Axial or Sunrise) Patella Merchant bilateral method |
SID-48-72 INCHES supine position with knees flexed 40 degrees over end of table place IR against legs 12 inches below knee CR caudad 30 degrees from horizontal midway between patella |
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inferosuperior projection:patella |
supine position, 40-45 knee flexion, place IR on edge resting on thigh CR angle 10-15 degrees from lower legs to be tangential to femora patellar joint |
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hughston method:patella |
patient prone,flex knee 55 degrees have patient hold foot with sheet. CR 15-20 degrees from long axis of lower leg to mid femoropatellar joint |
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steepest seated variation;patella |
patient supine knee flexed holding IR at angle of CR |
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what is the technique for a femur? |
analog 75+-5 digital 75-85 |
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AP and Lateral femur position and projection proximal, mid, distal |
rotate leg internally 5 degrees, femur 15-20 degrees CR perpendicular to femur and IR, MIDPOINT |
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what is the technique for an AP pelvis |
80+-5 kv analog 80-85 digital |
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what is the position and CR for an AP pelvis |
interanally rotate feet and limbs 15-20 degrees CR perpendicular to IR directed midway between level of ASIS and symphysis pubis, this is approx 2 inches inferior to level of ASIS |
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What anatomy should be demonstated on an AP pelvis |
pelvic girdle, l5, sacrum, coccyx, femoral heads and neck, greater trochanters |
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what are the clinical indications of a bilateral hip modified cleaves method? |
non trauma hip, developmental dysplasia of hip DDH, or CHD congential hip dislocation |
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what is the position and CR angle for the bilateral modified cleaves |
place plantar surface of feet together with knees flexed 90 degrees and a 40-45 degree abduction from vertical
CR perpendicular to IR to a midpoint 3 inches below ASIS |
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what are the AP outlet projection of pelvis anatomy that should be demonstrated |
superior and inferior rami of pubis, body and ramus of ischium |
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what is the CR angle for an outlet projection of the pelvis |
cephalad 20-35 degrees for male 30-45 for female
direct CR to a midline point 1-2 inches distal to the superior border of the sympysis pubis or greater trochanter |
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AP axial inlet projection of the pelvis is used to demonstrate what anatomy |
pelvic ring |
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what is the CR for the inlet projection |
caudad at 40 degrees midline point at level of ASIS |
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posterior oblique pelvis of acetabulum CR angle and position |
patient in 45 posterior oblique with both pelvis and throax 45 degrees from tabletop
CR to femoral neck |
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PA axial oblique projection-Acetabulum teufel method CR angle and body position |
patient in 40 degree oblique more prone, CR at femoral head at a 12 degree cephalad angle |
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AP unilateral hip orjection-Hip and proximal femur position and CR angle |
internally rotate 15-20 degrees CR to femoral neck |
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Rosenberg method
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Camp Coventry method
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Holmblad method
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Beclere method
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Inferosuperior method patella
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Hughston method
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Settegaste seated and prone
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Hobbs modification
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