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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
David Buss believes that _______ not only shapes our physical features but also influences our decision making, aggressive behavior, fears, and mating patterns.
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evolution
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According to Baltes, the benefits of evolutionary selection:
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decrease with age.
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Albert Bandura would argue that evolutionary psychology focuses too much on _______ and not enough on _______.
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biology; environment
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The units of hereditary information that act as a blueprint for cells to reproduce themselves and manufacture the proteins that maintain life are:
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genes.
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In the process of meiosis:
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the cells divide into gametes, which have half the genetic material of the parent cell.
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Each human gamete has:
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23 unpaired chromosomes.
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The typical female chromosome pattern is:
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XX.
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Traits that are produced by the interaction between two or more genes are called:
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polygenic.
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The complete set of instructions for making an organism is called the:
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genome.
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Dominant-recessive gene inheritance involves _______ genes, whereas polygenic inheritance involves _______ genes.
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2; many
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Of the following, which is the smallest unit?
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gene
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The typical human being begins life with 46:
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chromosomes.
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Both of Brian's parents are farsighted, but Brian wears glasses for nearsightedness. Which genetic principle can explain this difference?
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dominant-recessive genes
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If you are looking at someone's brown hair, you are observing that person's:
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phenotype.
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Amanda was born with Down syndrome. The doctor tells her parents that she will be mentally retarded. If her parents keep her at home without educational or training programs, the doctor predicts that her IQ might go as low as 35, but he predicts it could go as high as 70 if they provide such programs for Amanda.
This variability in Amanda's potential IQ provides an example of the: |
reaction range for intelligence.
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The narrow path marking the development of characteristics that appear immune to vast changes in environmental events is called:
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canalization.
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Behavioral geneticists believe that behaviors are determined by:
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a continuous interaction between biological and environmental factors.
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Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg are called:
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identical twins.
(monozygotic) |
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Adoption studies are designed to test the different effects of:
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the home environment and the biological genes.
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Which genetic disorder is caused by an extra chromosome?
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Down syndrome
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List a genetic syndrome that is NOT sex-linked.
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sickle-cell anemia
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List genetic syndromes that are NOT sex-linked.
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a. Klinefelter syndrome
b. Turner syndrome c. XYY syndrome |
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Mary begs her parents to allow her to take piano lessons. After her first several lessons, it quickly becomes apparent that Mary has a natural talent for music.
This example best illustrates: |
active genotype-environment correlation.
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Children who are highly active, easily distracted, and move quickly often elicit adult attempts to quiet them down, punishment for lack of concentration, and angry warnings to slow down.
This describes an example of a(n) _______ genotype-environment interaction. |
ACTIVE genotype-environment interaction
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Which prenatal diagnostic test is the least invasive?
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ultrasound sonography
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If amniocentesis is performed to determine if a woman's fetus is genetically normal, this will involve:
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drawing a sample of the fluid that surrounds the baby in the womb.
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A fertilized ovum is called:
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a zygote.
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A thin-walled hollow structure in early embryonic development that contains a cluster of cells called the inner cell mass from which the embryo arises.
The outer layer of cells gives rise to the placenta and other supporting tissues needed for fetal development within the uterus while the inner cell mass cells gives rise to the tissues of the body. |
blastocyst
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The developing organism from fertilization to the end of the eighth week:
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embryo.
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The period of prenatal development that occurs in the first two weeks after conception is called the _______ period.
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germinal
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How does the placenta/umbilical cord life-support system prevent harmful bacteria from invading a fetus?
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Bacteria are too large to pass through the placenta walls.
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During which period of prenatal development do cells begin to become different from each other more rapidly and organs begin to form?
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embryonic period
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Starts at the moment of conception when the sperm fertilizes the egg and the egg form a zygote.
This then begins to be divided and subdivided into cells and enlarges to form the embryo, which at the end of the second week is rooted in the uterus. |
zygotic period
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The human body develops from three layers of cells in the embryo. These layers are the:
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endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm.
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It is the culmination of the embryo. The fetus is defined as a human being, which rapidly developed after 7 months, leaving the womb in the act of birth.
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fetal period
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In general, it is considered that the stages of human development are:
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1. zygotic period
2. embryonic period 3. fetal period |
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Organs and tissues in an unborn baby are most vulnerable to environmental changes during:
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organogenesis.
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