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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
classical conditioning |
organism comes to associate/anticipate events |
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uncoditioned stimlulus |
elicits response before conditioning |
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unconditioned response |
unlearned response to UCS |
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conditioned stimulus |
elicits a conditioned response due to the pairing with a repetative stimulus that already causes a response |
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conditioned response |
learned response to CS |
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generalization |
CR to be evoked by similar stimuli |
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discrimination |
distinguish between stimuli and similar stimuli |
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high order conditioning |
previously neutral stimulus comes to elicit the response brought forth by CS by being paired with that CS |
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biologically preparedness |
readiness to acquire a certain kind of CR due to biological make up of orgnaism |
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counterconditioning |
pleasant stimuli with fear evoking stimuli |
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flooding |
fear exposed until fear lost |
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systematic desensitization |
fear evoking stimuli present while subject is relaxed |
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law of effect |
pleasant events(rewards) stamp in responses while unpleasant events(punishment) stamp out |
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operant behavior |
behavior that operates/manipulates env.
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operant conditioning |
organism engage in certain behavior due to reinforcement |
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positive reinforcer |
PRESENTED increases frequency of operant |
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negative reinforcer |
REMOVED increases frequency of operant |
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primary reinforcers |
biological makeup |
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secondary reinforcers |
stimulus gains reinforcement value through association with established reinforces |
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discriminative stimulus |
stimulus indicates reinforcement is avaibale |
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fixed interval schedule |
fixed time between reinforcement |
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variable interval schedule |
variable time between reinforcement |
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fixed ratio schedule |
reinforment provided after a fixed number of correct responses |
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variable ratio schedule |
reinforcement provided after a variable number of correct repsonses |
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successive approximations |
behavior progressively closer to target point |
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behavior modifications |
teach adaptive behavior and extinguish maladaptive behavior |
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programmed learning |
breaks task into small tasks that are each reinforced and combined to form correct behavioral chain |
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cognitive map |
metal rep of layout of env |
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latent learning |
hidden/concealed learning |
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observational learning |
form of cognitive learning in which observation is used |
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model |
organism engaged in response that is imitated by others |
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shaping |
procedure for teaching complex behaviors that t first reinforces approximations of target behavior |
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partial reinforcement |
not every correct response is reinforced |
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continuous reinforcement |
every correct response is reinforced |
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time out |
removal of organism from situation in which reinforcement is shown when unwanted behavior is shown |
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conditioned reinforcer |
secondary reinforcer |
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reinforcement |
follow a response with a stimulus that increases frequency of response |
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spontaneous recovery |
recurrence of extinguished response over time |
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extinction |
stimuli lose ability to evoke response |
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learning |
permanent change in behavior due to experience |