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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
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bisexual gametophyte
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A gametophyte that carries both antheridia (structures that produce male gametes)
and archegonia (structures that produce female gametes). |
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club moss
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A group of seedless vascular plants that was ecologically important in the
Palaeozoic. They have microphyll leaves with a strand of vascular tissue and they produce rather small, relatively simple roots. Ex.: Lycopodium and Sellaginella. |
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dichotomously branched
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Two branches arising from a node.
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epiphyte
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A plant that grows on another plant.
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Equisetum
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The only surviving genus in the Sphenophyta. Seedless vascular plants
commonly known as horsetails or scouring rushes. |
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frond
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The elaborately branched megaphyll found in ferns.
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heterosporous
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A plant that produces two types of spores in the sporophyte generation
(microspores and megaspores) that grow into unisexual gametophytes: microgametophytes that carry antheridia (structures that produce male gametes), and megagametophytes that carry archegonia (structures that produce female gametes). |
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homosporous
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A plant that produces one type of spore in the sporophyte generation that grows
into a bisexual gametophyte. |
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internode
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The part of the branch between nodes.
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lignin
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A tough organic polymer that is a major constituent of wood.
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Lycophyta
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A division within the seedless vascular plants, known as club mosses.
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Lycopodium
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A homosporous club moss.
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megaphylls
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Leaves with an elaborately branched vascular system.
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megasporangium
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The structure that produces the megaspore, which gives rise to the female
gametophyte. |
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megaspore
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The cell that gives rise to the female gametophyte.
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microphylls
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Simple leaves with an unbranched strand of vascular tissue. Ex. Lycopodium;
Selaginella. |
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microsporangium
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The structure that produces the microspore, which gives rise to the male
gametophyte. |
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microspore
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The cell that gives rise to the male gametophyte.
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node
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Where leaves, branches or buds attach to a stem.
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phloem
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Vascular tissue that transports the products of photosynthesis from the leaves.
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prophylls
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Simple projections form the stem that lack vascular tissue. Ex.: Psilotum
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Psilotum
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A simple seedless vascular plant that lacks roots and leaves.
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rhizome
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An underground stem. Ex.: Psilotum.
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Sellaginella
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A heterosporous club moss.
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sorus
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A cluster of sporangia on the underside of a fern leaf. Plural = sori.
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sporangium
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A structure producing and containing spores. Plural = sporangia.
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sporophyll
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Modified leaves that bear sporangia. Sometimes found in a strobilus (e.g. in
Selaginella). |
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strobilus
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A cone-like structure that bears the sporophylls and sporangia. May be
bisexual or unisexual. |
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syngamy
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The fusion of gametes that produces the zygote.
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tracheids
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Elongated cells in the xylem of vascular plants that function in the transport of
water and structural support. Tracheid cells die after maturing, leaving no cytoplasm and only cell walls. |
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tracheids
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Elongated cells in the xylem of vascular plants that function in the transport of
water and structural support. Tracheid cells die after maturing, leaving no cytoplasm and only cell walls. |
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unisexual gametophyte
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A gametophyte that carries either antheridia (structures that produce male
gametes) or archegonia (structures that produce female gametes), but not both. |
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vascular tissue
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Tissue that serves to conduct water and nutrients, and functions in structural
support. |
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xylem
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Vascular tissue that transports water up from the roots.
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