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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
difference between work and school writing
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-they differ bc the purposes and the context of each differ.
characteristics of writing at work: 1. requires acute awareness of security and legal liability 2. requires awareness that documents may be read by unknown readers, in and out of org, for an infinite time 3. achieves job goals 4. addresses a variety of readers who have different perspectives from those of the writer 5. requires a variety of written docs. |
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qualities of good technical writing
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-accuracy
-clarity -conciseness -readability -usability -correctness |
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planning your document
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how do make your paper/ email, etc., get read? answer these questions at the beginning:
-what is this? do i have to read it? how does it affect me? what will i have to do? what are the main ideas? ask yourself these questions: who will read what i write who will act on what i write who else may read this |
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basic parts of the composing process
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- analyse (the situation)
- Choose/discover (content) -Arrange (content) - Drafting - revising - editing (the finished draft) |
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revising
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issues to focus on:
1. Logic: does it make sense- read it out loud 2. completeness: fulfill purpose and readers' needs/ requirements 3. style: paragraphs have topic sent., make sure it is not wordy. watch length of paragraphs 4. visuals: do you needs them? 5. document design: making it easy to find topics in the document- headings, labels, etc., |
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editing
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1. good for mechanics spelling punctuation etc
2. whole document: how does it look, sound, completeness? 3. checking cites |
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audience and readers
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readers: how much do they know about the topic?
do they have expertise in this area? educational background? culture? how can you make the topic interesting? what is your relationship with reader? who else is likely to read this? |
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what are among the most frequently written business docs?
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emails, texts (email and text are most common), memos, letters
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memos and letters
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memos are short, can be posted to a website/bulletin board, blog, etc. (for inside the organization)
letters are usually written to individuals outside of writers org., both are worded/formatted for quick skimming and rapid reading. |
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tone
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respectful, positive tone, not rude sarcastic or irritable.
be clear! avoid phrases that make reader feel careless or dumb: ex: you neglected, you failed avoid excessive flattery -avoid sending bad news by text or email -analyze your reader as carefully as possible read aloud what you have written |
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cape
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clarity Accuracy Precision Expedience
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reports
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functions of report: provide info, instructions, analysis, conclusions and recommendations based on analysis.
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what is a feasibility report
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analyzes a problem, presents possible solutions to the problem
determines criteria for solutions a way for a problem to be defined, studied and resolved. two structures: 1. Placing the conclusion of the analysis first. 2. Presenting the data or information, evaluating it, then presenting the conclusion and any recommendation you have. |
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report categories
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formal and informal
formal: Usually contain more information and address more complex problems May offer solutions that require greater monetary commitment May be addressed to multiple audiences informal: used for daily internal communications in business orgs |
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main sections of a report
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introduction
summary discussion conclusion recommendations attachments |
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Empirical Research Reports
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*Abstract (Summary): most important
-Should be able to replace the report for readers who will not read the full report Must clearly state purpose and results of the report *Introduction *Literature Review *Purpose *Materials and Methods *Results |
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technical report
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Instructions: specific, detailed steps for performing a task
Procedures Body back matter |
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white matter
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Primarily used by organizations and companies to inform management, clients, customers
or other industry members about an important issue or product In government, a white paper is often a policy or position paper Typically present facts in a straightforward manner A summary of the facts A discussion of the importance of these facts A forecast about the importance of these facts in the future They are intended to be an objective assessment, however, some companies promoting products use them as formal “marketing” |
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grant proposal
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Persuade a sponsoring organization to fund research or a project
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RFP
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Proposals for external funds are often written in response to a request for proposal
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sections of proposal
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Project summary
Project description Personnel Budget Conclusion Appendices |
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progress reports are typically structured like
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Task
Time Goals |
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resume
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provides your prospective employer with a convenient summary of your education and experience
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chronological resume
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-traditional and acceptable
-shows a steady progression towards the career you seek -disadvantage: special capabilities and accomplishments may get lost in the resume |
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functional resume
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it allows you to highlight the experiences that show you to your best advantage
disadvantage is difficulty for the first time reader to discern steady progression of work and education |