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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Volume |
The space an object occupies
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Mass
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The amount of matter in a substance
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Density
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mass / volume
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Energy
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The ability to do work
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Force
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Anything that causes a change in velocity
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Pressure |
force / area |
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Lever |
A rigid body free to turn about a fixed point called a fulcrum |
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Moment |
The turning effect of a force = force x distance |
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Momentum |
mass x velocity |
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Law of Lever |
When a lever is balanced the sum of the moments on the L.H.S. = sum of the moments on the R.H.S. |
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Centre of Gravity |
The point at which all the bodies weight appears to act. |
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Weight |
mass x gravity |
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Hooke’s Law |
The extension of an elastic material is directly proportional to the applied force producing the extension. |
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Speed |
distance / time
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Velocity - |
speed in a given direction i.e 50m/s north • |
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acceleration |
change in velocity / time |
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Law of conservation of energy |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another |
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Friction |
A force between any two materials in contact with each other which opposes their motion |
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Work |
force x distance |
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Temperature |
is a measure of the hotness of a body |
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Heat |
is a form of energy that moves from hotter to colder bodies
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Conduction |
The transfer of heat through a solid with no movement of the substance. |
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Convection |
The transfer of heat through liquids and gases, movement of particles |
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Radiation |
The transfer of heat through vacuum by means of waves |
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Latent heat
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is the heat needed to change the state of a substance without changing the temperature i.e ice melting, boiling water |
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Power |
The amount of work done per second |
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Current |
the flow of charge (electrons) Amp. |
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Ohm’s Law |
Voltage is proportional to current at a constant temperature. |
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Fuse |
a thin piece of wire with a low melting point that breaks the circuit if the current is too high
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Resistor |
Controls the amount of current in a circuit Ohms |
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Insulator – |
A material that does not allow charge to flow through it |
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A conductor |
A material that allows charge to flow through it |
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Direct current (D.C)
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The flow of charge in one direction only (battery)
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Alternating current (A.C) |
current that changes direction (mains) |
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A diode |
device that allows current to flow in one direction only |
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Light dependent resistor (LDR)
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A variable resistor whose resistance changes with the amount of light that falls on it. |
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Echo |
Reflected sound |
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Ultra sound |
Sound of very high pitch, not heard by humans
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Refraction |
The bending of light as it passes from one transparent medium to another |
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Luminous body |
creates its own light, Sun •
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Non-luminous body |
Reflects light |
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Kinetic Energy
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Energy of a moving object |
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Potential energy |
Energy due to position / condition stretched elastic / spring |
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Dispersion
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breaking up of white light into seven colours
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