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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conjugation: Declaring something is so. |
Attaching the Hiragana character 「だ」 to a noun or na-adjective only. However, it is not mandatory, can be implied declaration without.
人だ。- Is person. 学生だ。- Is student. |
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Conjugation: Negative state of being |
Attach 「じゃない」 to the noun or na-adjective.
学生じゃない。- Is not a student. 友達じゃない。- Is not a friend. |
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Conjugation: Past state-of-being |
Attach 「だった」 to the noun or na-adjective.
友達だった - Was a friend |
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Conjugation: Negative past state-of-being |
Conjugate the noun or na-adjective to the negative first and then replace the 「い」 of 「じゃない」 with 「かった」
友達じゃなかった - Was not a friend |
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Particles: Topic Particle |
Use the character 「は」. Append after the topic of the sentence. Pronounced as 'wa' only when used as topic particle.
Ex 1: アリスは学生？ - Is Alice (you) student? Ex 2: ジョンは明日？ - John is tomorrow? |
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Particles: Inclusive Topic Particle |
Use the character 「も」. Append after the topic of a sentence. Must be related to / flow naturally from the question / previous statement. Ex 1: アリスは学生？ - Is Alice student? うん、トムも学生。- Yeah, and Tom is (also) student. |
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Particles: Identifier Particle |
Use the character 「が」 when you don't know who/what the topic is and need to identify it. This is not to be mistaken with the 「は」 particle, which is used to talk about a known topic.
Ex 1: 誰が学生？- Who is the one that is student? ジョンが学生。- John is the one who is student. Ex 2: 私は学生。- As for me, (I am) student. 私が学生。- I (am) the one (that is) student.
Ex 3: 誰が学生？- Who is the one that is student? 学生は誰？- (The) student is who? |
