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169 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is green computing?
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Energy-efficient enables computers
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What is an author required to do in order to assert copyright on their intellectual
property? |
Nothing
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The main difference between a tablet computer and a netbook is that the tablet
computer has... |
A touch screen
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The process of defragmentation of a hard drive involves the...
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Moving files to make existing files and free space contiguous
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A new version of software is said to be backwards compatible if...
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It can read files created using previous versions
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What does a firewall do?
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Inspects and controls network traffic into a computer
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Downloading movies and music without permission violates laws related to...
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Copyright
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Requirements analysis involves determining what?
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Determining the features a clinet requires from a system
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‘Technological convergence’ is best understood as different...
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technologies evolving to perform similar tasks
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Which network topology uses a control token?
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Ring network
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What is HTTPS?
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Hypertext transfer protocol secure: Can transfer files more securely than HTTP
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What is desktop publishing?
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Applications capable of producing printed documents
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A NIC (network interface card) enables a computer to...
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Establish a link to networked peripherals
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What is Data mining?
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Finding patterns in data
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What is lossy compression?
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A file type, where when it is compressed and then decompressed, although different from the original, it is still of use.
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What is lossless compression?
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Data compression with which the data is compressed and then decompressed with algorithms, allowing for the retrieval of the exact same file.
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Define inclusivity
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Design of an ICT that is accessible to as many users as possible
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Define top-down as a project management strategy.
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Starts with the whole project then develop the smaller sections
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Define bottom-up as a project management strategy.
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Start with the smaller parts of a project then piecing them together to form the whole project
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What is a HTTP for?
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Established connection and controls web page traffic (hyper text)
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SMTP
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Controls email or small messages that clients recieve through email applications.
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What is outsourcing?
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When you look for services outside of your area.
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What is social networking?
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A web-based service with which users can interact with each other and build communities based on relationships and common interests
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Factors involved in video conferencing...
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Time delays between continents
Language Barriers Bandwidth Incompatible software The video equipment Timezones |
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Factors involved in the speed of data transfer...
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Badwidth
Delay over continents Download Limits/Upload limits |
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Factors involved in the security of transfered data
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Encryption
Passwords on ends of transfer for the PCs Secure PCs away from unauthoritised access Firewalls to stop PC access Anti malware Virus protection Levels of access authoritisation |
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What is a data warehouse? and how could a company make use of it?
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Collection of data from a variety of sources organized to provide useful guidance
- Data mining, finding patterns in the data to predict future outcomes - Caluculations, by pulling out data revenue and costs etc, could be calculated easily - Collect customer service information/Research, to improve existing customer service |
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What is bluetooth?
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A propriety open wireless protocol for exchange data over sort distances using radio waves
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What can bluetooth be used for?
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Mobile <-> Hands free headset
Pc <-> Output and input devices Video games <-> Controllers |
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How does bluetooth work?
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Creates a small area network SAN
Physically communicating with radio waves Protocols control how the information is sent Wireless Inexpensive Automatic Spread-spectrum frequency hopping allows for connection with multiple devices Addresses base don the device |
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What are some good and bad things that could result from the use of bluetooth?
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GOOD
No need for compatible ports and plugs Connects automatically BAD Digital divide - Isolates older people or those without the technology Issues with security it can automatically reveal your phone model to others |
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What is infotainment?
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Combines the fields of information and entertainment
Real-world personal interests Online newspapers and magazines Games Internet banking (Essentially, anything that's not edutainment) |
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What is edutainment
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Combine education + training and entertainment.
(E.g. Children's games with a score and objective Users can control the pace at which new concepts are presented (E.g. Changing camera angles, pausing, text inclusion, audio explanations, visual demonstrations, 3D, hyperlinks.) |
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How do you keep a computer running well?
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Use windows update
Use anti-virus Use disk defragmenter (Organize by program and size) Reinstall operating system and contents once per year |
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Government act about privacy?
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Information Privacy Principles:
Stored safely to prevent misuse Cannot disclose without consent or law/health circumstances Must be collected for necessary reason |
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Government act about spam?
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The Australian Spam Act 2003 - Illegal to send unsolicited commercial electronic messages
IM SMS MMS but not Faxes, Pop-ups or telemarketing |
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Government act about copyright?
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Copyright Act 1968
Legally protecting one's creative skill and labour No formalities required |
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What is OOS?
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Occupational Overuse Syndrome, also known as Repetitive Strain Injury
Repetitive motions cause injury in the muscles, joints... etc. |
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How can OOS be solved?
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Ergonomically designed workplace
Regular breaks Physiotherapy Stretch-break software |
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How do GPS work?
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Global positioning system relying on satellites in space determining the latitude and longitude of positions on earth
Uses CDMA encoded signals to communicate with GPS devices |
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How is the paperless office good?
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Save money
Boost productivity Save space Information easier to share and document Minimize environmental damage |
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What are the advantages of outsourcing?
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Cost efficient
Save on manpower and training costs Spread risks Access new skills |
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What are the disadvantages of outsourcing?
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Loss of managerial control = Company values or ethics may be compromised
The stigma = People lose their jobs to those overseas Security/Confidentiality compromised |
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Soft colours compliment...
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Hard
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Psychological/Emotional variables apply to...
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Colours
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CMY
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Cyan, magenta and yellow. The subset of RGB
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Inclusivity for colour blind
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Change colour scheme to reds/greens or yellows/blues
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What are the 5 main design principles?
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Symmetry, Proximity, Alignment, Repetition, Colour/Contrast
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Contrast?
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Significant differences between design elements
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Design element that could suggest movement, highlight, emphasize or organize
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Line
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The area around a shape is...
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Negative
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What is the more elegant style of typography?
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Serif
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Less elegant typography style...
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Sans-serif
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What is a database?
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A database is an integrated collection of logically related records or files consolidated into a common pool that provides data for one or more users in an automatic fashion.
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Rhythm?
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Patterned elements
Well spaced Variation |
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Proportion?
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Size of elements in comparison to others
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Unity?
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Composition with a purpose
All the elements belong The elements share things in common |
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Contrast?
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Differences between elements
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Alignment?
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How elements line up
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Proximity?
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Distance between elements expressing and additional meaning
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Style?
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Text effect
(Bold, italics, underline, uppercase, outlining, shadow... etc.) |
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Harmony
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A whole image with a purpose
Visually compelling |
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Native file format?
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The default file format attached when the a file is created
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.bmp?
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Large files
Not compressed |
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.tif?
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Lossless compressed images
Stored later for editing Compatible with multiple devices Lossless 24 bits |
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.gif?
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For web use
Simple colours Animation Supports transparency 8 bits Lossless Solid areas of colour |
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.jpg?
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For completed colour photos with changes in colour and lighting
Lossy with high compression ratios 24-bit colour depth |
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.png?
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Support transparency
32 bits |
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.svg?
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Compatible with web applications in XML
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What is Interactive Multimedia?
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Methods of providing good communication using computer systems
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What factors need to be considered when thinking about effective communication?
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Age, culture, language
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Examples of Interactive Multimedia?
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Computer aided design
Virtual Reality Portable Media PLayer Digital Cameras Digital Audio |
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IMM becomes interactive through...
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Input devices combined with cues audiovisual cues
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Examples of edutainment...
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Computer based training courses
Online manuals CD-ROM training packages Interactive kiosks |
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Rules when using graphics...
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Ensure they're relevant
Not pixelated Avoid placing text over the top Not cluttered |
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Rules when using wipes...
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1 per slide max
Not too slow, not too fast Left to right |
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Rules when using sound and animation...
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Keep in sync
Ensure music starts and finishes in the right place |
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Rules when using video...
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Do not enlarge (Pixelation)
No more than 20 seconds |
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List of Processing devices...
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Random access memory (RAM)
Central processing unit (CPU) Read only memory (ROM) |
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What kind of application is a utility?
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One with a very specific purpose, for me or my computer. (E.g. virus checker.)
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How do dot matrix printers work?
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Dots in shapes of characters
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How do Inkjet printers work?
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Spray ionized ink and shape it
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How do laser printers work?
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Drum rolls in toner
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TCP/IP?
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
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Kerning?
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Space between two letters
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Tracking?
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Space between all letters
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Leading?
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Space between lines (Typically 1.5)
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Justification?
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Left/right
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Ring network?
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Circle of devices connected, one fails all fail
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Bus Network?
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line with computers coming off it. Like a spine. Can fail if too many connected
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Star Network?
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Single hub, modem or router that everything connects to with cables
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Wireless Network?
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DSL cable to the wall, goes to wireless router. Devices connect via radio frequency
Click -> Binary -> Radio -> Binary |
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Hub?
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Lots of ports for cat 5 cables
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Server?
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Memory and processing ability to fulfill requests of clients
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Router?
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Transfers data packets
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Switch?
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Similar to a hub, but can restrict access to certain areas of a network and reduce traffic
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Client?
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Someone requesting service from a server, i.e googling.
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HTTP
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Hypertext transfer Protocol - Controls network traffic between websited (Directs data uploads and downloads)
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Fiber Optic Cable?
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Speed of light (50mb/s)
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WEP?
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Wired Equivalent Privacy - Private transfer of information in a LAN (WEP key)
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WAP?
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Wireless Application Protocol - Handheld devices can access internet
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SMTP?
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - Sends mail... IMAP or POP3 Recieves
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Protocols?
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Rules and commands to communicate and do things with internet
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Domain?
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How a website identifies itself and can be found
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Encryption?
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Transformation of regular text into an unreadable language called Cipher special knowledge or software is required to decrypt
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Compression?
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Alteration of data to reduce its original size, algorithms are used to compress and decompress this information
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Bandwidth?
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Speed it takes for information to transfer from ISP (Internet service provider) to your computer. ISP determines how much information can be transferred at once.
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Cloud Computer?
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Software available for use in a normal web browser, that sometimes allows space for storage on an external server.
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How can ICT increase productivity of manufacturing?
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Prototyping
Communication between members Access to global markets Less human input |
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Vector graphics
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Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as points, lines, curves, and shapes or polygon(s), which are all based on mathematical equations, to represent images in computer graphics.
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Raster Graphics
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(raster graphics) Generation of images as a collection of small, independently controlled dots (pixels) arranged in rows and columns.
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Data Mart
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A data mart CENTRALIZES DATA MANAGEMENT AND RETRIEVAL.
Is a subset of an organizational data store, usually oriented to a specific purpose or major data subject, that may be distributed to support business needs. (Data marts) These are small-scale data warehouses which do not hold information across an entire company, but rather focus on one department. |
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Data Validation
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Data validation is a process to ensure the quality of data by checking they have been entered correctly. (For example inputing a date correctly dd/mm/yyyy)
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Piracy
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The unauthorized use or reproduction of another's work
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Piracy
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The unauthorized use or reproduction of another's work
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Corporate Confidentiality
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Corporate confidentiality is proprietary information that unauthorized people outside the company should not know.
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Preserving Corporate Confidentiality
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- Patents can be filed
- Have employees sign a confidentiality agreement |
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Plagiarism
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The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.
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Preventing Plagiarism
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- Cite works
- Technology involving the analysis of university/education institution databases and the scouring of the internet with webcrawlers to look for similar documents |
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Public Encryption (Asymmetric)
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A private key (known only to your computer) and then a public key (for any computer that wants to communicate securely with it)
The while anyone can access the public key the private key is needed to read the file. The keys consist of prime numbers which are infinite. |
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Private Encryption (Symmetric)
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Uses algorithm to scramble information and anyone wanting to know the information but know the algorithm to descramble.
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Ways to back up data?
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- External hard drive, (Scheduled or connected to a network)
- Partition a drive to make a ghost or RAID back up - Pay for storage online to back up files |
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Benchmarking
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In computing, a benchmark is the act of running a computer program, a set of programs, or other operations, in order to assess the relative performance of an object, normally by running a number of standard tests and trials against it.
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How computers are benchmarked?
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- Software tests and records the speed at which the processor completes calculations
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Positives of social networking? (For advertiser)
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- Drive particular audiences and web traffic to your website
- Direct communication with loyal audiences |
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Negatives of social networking? (For advertiser)
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- Difficult to control negative comments or flaming, ruining reputation of company
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Negatives of social networking? (For user)
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- Worker productivity in IT industry
- Anonymity/Security |
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Positives of social networking? (For user)
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- Cheap communication that relies only on an internet connection
- Access to communities of people with similar interests |
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Order of components in a network?
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DSL cable -> DSL modem or Wireless router
If DSL modem -> Hub/Switch -> Lots of cat5 Cables If Wireless -> Data packages radio waves -> NIC |
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Data integrity?
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Ensuring that data is the same as it was when it was inputted into a system, wasn't damaged unexpectedly and is in the right format (E.g, alphabetical, numerical)
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What does the TCP/IP protocol do?
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A protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork
(Communicating on internet) |
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Digital Divide
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The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard both to their opportunities to access information and communications technologies (ICT's) and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities.
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CPU processor cores
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Computer component that reads and executes program instructions
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Peripheral device?
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Units of computer hardware that aren't part of the core unit.
Peripheral devices are connected by cables often to USB ports or CD Drives The devices are physically separated, but their operations are under the computer's control |
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Companies and Ethics?
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1) Create a system of ethics based on values of the corporation
2) Apply these values to the ICT practices (Handle personal information appropriately, avoid misuse, etc) 3) Consider where ethical issues may arise (Change, preservation of privacy, laws...) 4) Make staff aware... (Laws, responsibilities...) |
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Inclusivity for hearing impaired
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Volume adjustment or on screen narration
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Inclusivity for the Aged Population
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Bigger buttons as older population isn't as accurate
and Nothing that requires excessive speed (i.e no flash animations that require fast clicking) |
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Four aspects of an IT project that need to be monitored
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Time
Cost - Budgeting Human resoures Material Resources |
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How would you select an outsourcing company?
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Reputation
Quality - Latest models of hardware Warranty - Do they have a warranty and do you agree witht he terms of its policy Cost - Reasonable? |
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Potential problems with using old peripherals in new computers?
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Incompatible ports?
Drivers aren't supported by new operating systems? |
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Ways to support a company using IT that does not involve an IT suport centre?
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Call centre - Talk to skilled people
Certified training courses Books/manuals Online help facility or forum |
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Positives of allowing social networking in a business?
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Regular breaks - Preventing boredom
Better working envrionment - Not having to come to work opposing the decision will maintain a better attitude |
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Ways to assess ICT competence?
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- Quiz
- Troubleshoot something - Create an attractive/informative presentation or a comprehensive spreadsheet |
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Ways to numerically assess ICT competence?
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- Score on a quiz
- Time taken to complete a troubleshoot - Panel of judges |
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Emerging "Trends" in mobile smart phones
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- Flash
- White Space - Drop-down boxes to save space - Minimal text - Touch screen - GPS enabled - Social Networking - Multimedia - DHTML (Dynamic HTML) Provides animations to help them navigate and give feedback to users as they make selections |
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Trend implemented in ICT to distinguish select items?
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DHTML (Dynami HTML) Animations essentially
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Categories of Application Software
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Word Processing
Spread Sheets Utility Database Desktop Publishing Graphics Communication Entertainment |
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Give text emphasis using...
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Styles (Underline, Bold, Italics)
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Find a website and practice picking out the design featues, trends and design elements.
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Features - Functions and things that can be appreciated or interacted with or observed
Trends - Not necessarily noticed by the user, things that are often used, but could be something to do with the coding that the user is not conscious of. Design elements - Artsy shit. |
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What are cookies?
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Small program files which contain information specific to a user, record and collect information to personalize their experience on a website.
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What functions on a computer are often means by which security can be compromised?
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Email - Spam and emails searching for active addresses to spam
Data warehouses/mining - Often software requests permission to collect information regarding your experience/customer service request with a product, because your information, once in a warehouse is accessible by many people. Web browsing - Language settings browser settings frequently visited all collected and may result in an attempt to lure them to websites they will be interested in. |
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What is a VPN network?
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A network in amongst infrasturcture and buildings
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Ways to preserve data integrity?
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Virus scanners, anti-virus, etc...
Provide access to back up power in case of power failure Validation rules for all input |
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Things that concern occupational health and safety peoples?
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Regular breaks
Wires running along floors Ergonomics (Furniture) Brightness of VDU (Eye strain) |
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How do you prevent data loss?
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Back up files at a remote location
Access to back up power in case of failure |
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People whose inclusivity needs to be considered?
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Colour blind
Photosensitive epileptics Hearing Impaired Blind Elderly Non-English speaking Mentally disabled |
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Inclusivity for Photosensitive epileptics?
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HTML only versions or non-rapid animation thats colourful
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Inclusivity for the blind/visually impaired?
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On screen narration or change font size options
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Inclusivity for non-english speaking people?
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Language settings
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Inclusivity for mentally impaired?
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Alternative to the main navigation, straight to the point site map
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about .avi?
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The format that videos tend to be recorded in on handheld cameras, incorporates video and audio simultaneously and is compatible with all versions of Windows Media Player XP and later
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.avi?
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Audio Video Interleve
Audio and video combined into a single file for simultaneous playback Well supported by many operating systems and web browsers Most commonly recorded on video cameraws Well compatible with multiple compression schemes |
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.wmv?
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combined with a stream of WMA
Compatible mostly with Windows stuff Compressed |
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.mpeg-4?
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Designed by Moving Picture Expert Groups
DVD quality Compressed in a away that a DVD length video retains good quality and can fit on a DVD |
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.3gp?
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Recordings on 3G mobile phones
Designed for decreased storage and badnwidth requirements |
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.flv?
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Flash Live Video
Very high compression rates and still high quality Used on video sharing websites Not terribly compatible without plug-ins |
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.mp3?
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Great compression rates
Minimal perceivable loss of quality |
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.wav?
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Mostly limited to Windows operating systems
Lossless file fromat but as such, one 4 minute music file could be as large at 35MB (Bad compression rates) Sometimes used for CDs and DVDs |
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.midi?
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Basic music sampling
Low quality Beats etc... |
