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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the musical element that organizes movement in time; refers to the length, or duration, of individual notes
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rhythm
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the regular pulsation heard in most music
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beat
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beats which are emphasized more than others
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accented (strong beats)
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measurement of musical time; organizes the beats in music
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meter
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a grouping which contains a specific number of beats
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measure
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the first beat of a measure; usually the most emphasized beat
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downbeat
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duple, triple, quadruple; beats are usually subdivided into two or four subbeats
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simple meter
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upsetting of the normal pattern of accentuation; accents (or stresses) fall on weak beats or offbeats (between the regular beats)
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syncopation
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the use of two or more different rhythm pattersn simultaneously
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polyrhythm
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grouping of irregular numbers of beats that add up to a larger overall pattern (as in 2 + 3 +2 + 3)
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additive meter
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lacks any strong sense of beat or meter
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nonmetric
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a coherent succession of single pitches
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melody (tune)
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highness or lowness of a sound
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pitch
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distance between two pitches (notes)
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interval
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distance between the melody's lowest and highest tones
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range
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melodies that move primarily in close intervals (My Country 'tis of Thee)
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conjunct shape
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melodies that move primarily in disjointed intervals (Star Spangled Banner)
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disjunct shape
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a musical sentence; a unit of measuring within a larger structure
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phrase
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a resting place which punctuates the music
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cadence
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simultaneous sounds
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harmony
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simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches
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chord
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a three-note chord, built on alternate notes of a scale (the most common type of chord)
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triad
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a grouping of ntoes with an octave
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scale
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the most common type of scale (has two whole steps between the first and third notes)
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major scale
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have 1 1/2 whole steps between the first and third notes
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minor scales
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central tone around which a melody and its harmonies are built
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tonic
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notes belonging to a major or minor scale
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diatonic pitches
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all twelve notes within an octave
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chromatic pitches
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results from an unstable, or discordant, harmony
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dissonance
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occurs with the resolution of dissonance, producing a concordant sound
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consonance
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a sustained tone against which melodic and rhythmic complexities unfold
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drone
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single-voiced music
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monophony
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many voices (or lines) of equal importance happening simultaneously
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polyphony
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all the voices (or lines) move in the same rhythm
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homorhythm
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a melodic voice with accompaniment
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homophony
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when a melodic idea is presented in one voice, and then is restated in another
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imitation
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the organizing principle in music, its basic elements are repetition, contrast, and variation
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form
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music created spontaneously in performance
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improvisation
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melodic idea used as a building block in a music composition
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theme
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some aspects of the music are altered, but otheres remain the same
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variation
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the rate of speed of the music
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tempo
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describes the volume of the music
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dynamics
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