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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Definition of an Information System
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-Set of Interrelated Components
-Collect, process, store, and distribute information -Support Decision Making, coordination, and control. |
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Data Vs Information
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Data: Streams of RAW FACTS
Information: Data shaped into MEANINGFUL form |
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Managment Levels in an Organization
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Level 1: Operational Managment-Production, Service, Data workers
Level 2: Middle Mngmnt: Scientists, Knowledge workers. Level 3: Senior Mngmnt |
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IT Infastructure
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Consists of physical devices and software apps required to operate the entire enterprise. "service platform"
(human services.) |
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Business Processes
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How work is organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a product or service.
Concrete workflows (materials, information, knowledge) Unique ways org's coordinate work, information, knowledge |
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Transaction Processing System
(TPS) |
*Elementary/Routine activities* & transactions of the org: ie sales, receipts, cash deposits, payroll, and the flow of materials in a factory.
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Management Information Systems
(MIS) |
Provides middle mngrs with reports on the org’s current performance. This info (based on TPS) is used to MONITOR and CONTROL the business and PREDICT future performance.
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Decision Support Systems
(DSS) |
NON-ROUTINE decisions
Issues: Not defined in advance. Supports Middle mngmnt in solving unique and rapidly changing problems. |
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Enterprise Applications
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-Span functional areas and levels, allows to execute processes across firm
Types of Systems: -Enterprise (ERP) -Supply chain mngmnt (SCM) -CRM -Knowledge Mngment |
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TPS
MIS DSS ESS |
Transaction Processing System
Managment Information Systems Decision Support Systems Executive Support System |
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Chief Information Officer
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Overseas the use of Information Technology in the firm. Expected to have a stong buz background and IS expertise. Leadership role in integrating IT into firm's strategy.
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IT Governance
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(IT Police) Strategy and policies for using IT within an organization. Decision rights, accountability to ensure use of IT supports org's strats' and objectives.
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Competitive Forces Model
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Traditional Competitors
Suppliers Customers New Market Entrants Substitute products or services |
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IS Stragies for dealing with Competitive forces
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IS for low cost leader
IS for differentiation IS for market niche Strenthen Customer and supplier intimacy |
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Value Chain Model
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Highlights specific activities in the business where competitive strategies can best be applied & where information systems are most likely to have a strategic impact.
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Value Chain Model:
Primary Activities |
Directly related to the production and distribution of firm’s products and services, which create value for the customer. Primary activities include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, and service.
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Value Chain Model:
Support Activities |
Delivery of the primary activities possible and consist of organization infrastructure ( administration and management), human resources ( employee recruiting, hiring, and training), technology ( improving products and the production process), and procurement ( purchas-ing input).
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Moore's Law
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Number of transistors that can be placed on an IC has doubled approximately every two years
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Web Services
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Program you use through the web.
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XML
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Extensible Markup Language.
Set of rules to format data for use over the web. |
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Service Orientated Architecture
(SOA) |
set of self contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application
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Problems with Traditional File enviornments
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systems tended to grow independently without a company- wide plan.
Data Redundency and inconsistency. Program Data Dependence.Lack of flexibilty Poor Security Lack of data sharing and availability |
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Database Managment Systems
(DBMS) |
Software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs. The DBMS acts as an interface between application programs and the physical data files.
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Relational DBMS
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Relational databases represent data as two- dimensional tables ( called relations). Tables may be referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes. Oracle Database, SQL
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Web Services
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Refer to a set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using universal Web communication standards and languages.
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Key Fields
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Primary Key: Unique identifier for all the information in any row of the table and can't be duplicated.
Foreign Key: lookup field to identify records from original table |
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Data Warehouse
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database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to decision makers throughout the company.
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Data Marts
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subset of a data warehouse in which a summarized or highly focused portion of the organization’s data is placed in a separate database for a specific population of users. (ie marketing)
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Business Intelligence (BI)
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tools for consolidating, analyzing, and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions are often referred to business intelligence
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Data Mining
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Finds hinding patterns, relationships in large databases and infers rules to predict future behavior.
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TCP/IP
TCP: Transmission Control IP: Internet Protocol |
Protocol: A set of rules and procedures governing transmission of info between two points.
TCP: movement of data between computers IP: Responsible for the delivery of packets, includes dissaebmlly and reassembly. |
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Department of Defense reference model
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Application Layer
Transport Layer Internet Layer Network Interface Layer |
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Local Area Networks LANs
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Client server, or peer to peer. Ethernet, star bus, ring topology.
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Physical Transmission Media
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Twisted wire
Coax Cable Fiber Optic Wireless, Microw, Sat, Cellular |
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Bandwidth
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Capacity
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Internet Network Architecture
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Trunklines, regional networks, isps
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World Wide Web as an internet Service
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email, chatting im, news groups, telnet, FTP, WWW
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