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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This Scott, who originally made musical instruments, also was responsible for perhaps the most significant invention of the Industrial Revolution - the steam engine.
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Thomas Newcomen
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The term used to describe the rapid growth of cities as a large percentage of the population moved from the country to the city
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Urbanization
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This machine was invented around 1764 by James Hargreaves. It wound several spools of thread around a spindle and allowed workers to work with 80 spindles at a time
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Spinning Jenny
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This man built a rifle with interchangeable parts, but he is most famous for building the cotton gin.
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Eli Whitney
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This limited labor by young children in Britain to an eight hour work day.
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The Factory of 1833
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Transformed open fields or communally owned land into privately owned, fenced-in fields that could be more intensely and profitably farmed by individual owners
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Enclosure
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A movement of British workers that attempted to stop the Industrial Revolution through a campaign of destroying factory machines, which they blamed for unemployment.
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The Luddites
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In his novel, Hard Times, this man wrote of the dangerous and polluted environment of factories and of the discouraged, exhausted workers that were characteristic of this time.
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Charles Dickens
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A new theory of government concerning economics and trade. It encouraged private ownership of property, free enterprise, competition, and minimal government interferance in business.
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Laissez Faire (Capitilism)
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In 1815, the English Parliament established this to study factory conditions. They thoroughly interviewed workers to discover the trueevents of their work day.
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Stadler Commission
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He justified low pay and proposed the "iron law of wages," which said that if wages were left to the laws of supply and demand, they would fall to near subsistence level.
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David Ricardo
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The passage of this marked a turning point in British history by increasing the number of voters, redrawing election zones and eliminating rotten boroughs.
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The Reform Bill of 1832
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This was the largest industrial city in all of Britain and the center of cotton manufacturing.
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Manchester
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This, also known as the German Customs Union, removed many of the tariff barriers in the German states and made trade cheaper and easier.
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Zollverein
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His cooperative philosophy influenced several worker's movements and played an important role in establishing the Grand National Conslidated Trade Union in 1834.
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Robert Owen
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In it the government owns and operates the major means of production and distribution, determines the needs of the people, and plans the economy.
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Socialism
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These forbid the formation of trade unions and worker's strikes in Britain. They were repealed by Parliament in 1824.
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The Combination Acts
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The first change in the speed of communication came with the first workable telegraph which was succesfully demonstrated in 1844.
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Samuel F. B. Morse
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English philosopher Herbert Spencer popularized this belief that theory of "survival of the fittest" should be applied to the marketplace
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Social Darwinism
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In France, this encouraged business interests, kept taxes low, and sometimes maintained high tariffs that protected special interests.
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The July Monarchy
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In the trade guilds that were popular at the beginning of the industrial Revolution, this was the beginning level, before craftsman and master
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Journeyman
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Also known as domestic industry, this was the system in which merchant manufacturers sought labor in the counrty side to produce goods.
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The Putting-Out System
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