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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Methods of imposing a load on a structure are?
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1) Axial Load
2) Eccentric Load 3) Torsional Load |
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The fire load is the potential intensity of the fire and is measured in terms of the rate of heat release.
True Or False` |
False
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Concrete is tested in tensile strength since it has little compressive strength.
True or False |
True
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When a simple beam is loaded?
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The top is under compression
and The bottom is under tension |
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Layers of wood laid in different directions and glued together under pressure are called?
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Plywood
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The rigidity of the truss rests in the geometric principle that only one triangle can be formed from any __?__ lines.
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Three
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This type of collapse usually occurs when the connection between the floors and the load bearing walls are lost?
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Pancake Collapse
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What name is given to the compressive members of a truss?
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Struts
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Fire walls with automatic fire doors intended to close in case of fire are equipped with?
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Fusible links
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Plain concrete is strong in compression, weak in __?__ and has no tensile strength.
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Shear
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Control areas are essentially surrounded by __?___ hour-rated fire assemblies.
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1 Hour
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The Radiant Flux Test (NFPA 253) measures a material's ability to resist?
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Flame Spread
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The uniform "live load" column refers to loads distributed over the entire area. Which load is for a specific large object?
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Concentrated
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Floors in mill construction are made of __?__ planks.
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1) Grooved
2) Splined 3) Laminated (Any of the above) |
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What is the principle smoke-moving mechanism of a fire?
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Thermal Energy
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A brick veneer wall differs from a bearing wall in that __?__ usually are visible in bearing brick walls.
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Headers
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What is known as the eternal enemy of every building?
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Gravity
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The stone arch works because all members of the arch are under __?__ and little or no tensile load is placed on a material that is weak in tensile strength.
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Compression
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Covered mall buildings that meet the construction requirements are allowed to be of unlimited area, but are required to have __?__ feet of open space around them for exposure protection.
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60 FT
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_____(1)_____ loads can be accurately calculated while _____(2)_____ loads are indeterminate.
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1) Dead
2) Live |
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There are two comparison points in evaluating test results. The flame spread over inorganic reinforced cement board is set at __(1)__ and the flame spread over red oak is set at __(2)__?
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1) 0
2) 100 |
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Tremendous bracing is required in high-rise buildings to overcome?
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Wind
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Multiple voids can be created in which type of collapse(s)?
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1) V-Shaped floor collapse
2) Cantilever floor collapse 3) Frame floor collapse |
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A tent collapse is also known as a ?
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Frame floor collapse
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The complete failure of a building is known as?
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A Global Collapse or Total Collapse
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What are two methods used for prestressing?
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Pretensioning and Post-Tensioning
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Building codes require that floor beams in heavy timber construction be of what minimum dimension?
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6 X 10
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What are 3 examples of a 90 degree wall collapse?
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1) A tilt wall failure
2) A concrete block wall that fails as one complete unit 3) A brick wall that falls out as one unit |
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Structural steel will fail between ____(1)____ - ____(2)____ degrees Fahrenheit.
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1) 1000
2) 1100 |
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Which brick course is no longer necessary when a masonry wire truss is utilized?
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Header course
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Covered mall buildings are allowed to be of unlimited area as long as they are built of which type of construction?
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1) Type 1
2) Type 3 3) Type 4 |
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The fundamental purpose of a sprinkler system is to hit the __?__ fire with enough water to suppress it.
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Incipient Phase
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What would be the ignition temperature of carbon monoxide?
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1128 Degrees F
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What term describes the movement of air inside a tightly sealed building due to the difference in temperature between the air inside the building and the air outside the building?
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Stack Effect
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Steel Cables will have complete failure at __?__ degrees F.
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800 *F
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A typical modern high rise building weighs approximately __?__ pounds per cubic foot?
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8 LBs per FT2
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The process of placing the fluid concrete into molds in which the concrete is permitted to harden in a certain shape is known as?
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Casting
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An ____?____ load is a force that is perpendicular to the plane of the section but does not pass through the center of the section.
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Eccentric (Does not pass through the center)
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A _____?_____ wall is composed of an inner and outer wythe of coursed masonry.
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Rubble masonry
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When a brick is laid so that the long side is visible, it is referred to as?
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Stretcher course
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Reinforced rods within reinforced-concrete lintels provide the _____?_____ strength to the composite structure.
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Tensile
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When exposed to fire, plywood will begin to ?
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Delaminate
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Small devices designed to keep the rods off the surface of the form, so concrete will flow underneath the rods are known as?
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Chairs
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When a column is offset, the girder on which it rests becomes a ____?____ beam.
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Transfer
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Cold-drawn steel will fail at what temperature?
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800 * F
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This type of collapse occurs when a small area of structural damage results in a loss of localized load-carrying capability initiating a chain reaction of subsequent failures resulting in major structrual failure.
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Progressive Collapse
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Heavy Timber construction is a descendent of true ___?___ construction.
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Mill
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What is the condition called when the atmospheric temperature is constantly decreasing as height increases?
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Lapse
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Which load is said to be perpendicular to the plane of a section?
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Axial Load
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Steel provides the ____?____ strength that concrete lacks.
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Tensile
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What type of load was exerted on the Twin Towers by the jetliner attacks on September 11Th, 2001?
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Impact Load
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Typical departures from the true mill construction concept include?
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1) Unprotected Steel Columns
2) Steel Trusses 3) Cast Iron Columns |
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Which code regulates the activities that take place in new construction as well as existing buildings?
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Fire Code
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Which type of sprinkler system contains air in the piping that may or may not be under pressure?
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Preaction System
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In platform-framed buildings, floor openings are created for stairwells through the use of ____?____ which are along the end of the opening, and _____?____ which are along the length of the opening.
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1) Headers
2) Trimmers |
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Masonry buildings with spans greater than __?__ feet must have interior bearing walls.
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25 FT
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All of the tensile load is carried on which chord of a truss?
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Bottom
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Which type of collapse can occur when loads are shifted?
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Secondary Collapse
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What is the only construction material that does not yield heat when burned in pure oxygen?
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Gypsum
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The rated fire resistance is a quality ascribed to a wall, floor or ___?___
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Column
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What is the basic objective of prefire planning?
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To consider potential emergency situations and develop the best possible plans for coping with them.
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A "board" is known to be greater than ____?____ inches nominal thickness.
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2 Inches
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What term best defines bending that combines both compression and tension?
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Deflection
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_____?_____ are concrete pads, usually heavily reinforced, that transfer the loads of piers or columns to the ground.
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Footings
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A(n) ____?____ code applies to all structures and conditions within them, including existing hazards that were created even before the adoption of the code.
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Fire
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Other than heavy timber construction, what other type of construction uses masonry load-bearing walls and wood structural members?
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Type III
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Atriums are required to have sprinkler protection throughout; with the exception of the top of the atrium itself if it is more than ___?___ feet above the floor
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55 FT
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A space within a beam where there is neither tension nor compression is known as the?
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Neutral Plane
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Curing of concrete generates heat of ___?___
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Hydration
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A short column with a large cross section in proportion to its length is known as?
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Pier
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The NFPA Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One and Two Family Dwellings and Mobile Homes is?
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13 D
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Many concrete floors are designed as a ___?___ beam.
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Continuous
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Walls are designed to accept vertical ___?___ loads
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Compressive
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Self-releasing floors can be seen in most old interior ordinary construction buildings. The ___?___ sits on a steel shelf that protrudes from a column.
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Girder
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A Class C rating flame spread index is?
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76-200
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What name is given to the top and bottom members of a truss?
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Chords
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In a continuous beam supported at more than two points, there is tension in the _____(1)_____ of the beam in the area over the tops of the columns, and tension in the ___(2)___ of the beams between the columns
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1) Top
2) Bottom |
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Unprotected steel rods and cables can fail at what temperature?
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800 * F
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A large or principle beam of wood or steel used to support concentrated loads at isolated points along its length best describes a?
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Girder
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What is not a material that would be used for a structural wall within a garden apartment?
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Steel
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Tensioned steel rods place concrete into?
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Compression
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A joisted floor has one tremendous advantage over the truss floor system: Each joist acts as a ?
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Fire Stop
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_____?_____ is the covering that is applied to the studs or framing of a structure.
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Sheathing
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Which term best defines hollow walls in which wythes are tied together with steel ties or masonry trusses?
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Cavity walls
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Which of the items identifies a material applied to a structural element or system that provides increased fire resistance?
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Fireproof
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Increasing column size is unsatisfactory. To overcome this, you must increase the size of the?
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Reinforcing Steel
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Steel heated to ___?___ degrees F elongates 9 inches per 100 FT of length.
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1000
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What term represents a finished truss?
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Web
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A steel beam resting on a masonry wall is an example of a concentrated ___?___ load.
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Dead
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Which class of standpipe system provides 2 1/2 inch hose connections?
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Class I
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The hollow cores in reinforcement bars are known as?
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Cells
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Which of the following best represents a type of collapse in which one end of the collapsed floor is supported by an interior wall, creating two void spaces?
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Frame floor collapse
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The destruction of the World Trade Center is best described as an example of?
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Global Collapse
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Concrete is weak in ___?___ strength and has poor shear resistance.
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Tensile
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A beam used to carry a wall above an opening is known as a(n)?
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Lintel
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A minimum of __?__ feet clear width should be provided in garden apartment roadways.
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20 FT
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The bottom chord of a truss is said to be in ___?___ while the top chord is under ___?___
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Tension, Compression
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In a cantilever beam, the tension is in the ___?___ of the beam
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Top
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Which loads are applied slowly and remain constant?
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Static
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The usual height limit in a garden apartment is?
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Three Stories
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This text advises that the collapse zone should be?
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At least the full height of the outside wall
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A ___?___ floor collapse is a type of collapse in which one end of the floor is still supported while the other end is unsupported.
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Cantilever
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What is the NFPA standard that deals with training for technical search and rescue incidents?
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NFPA 1670
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Steel pipes filled with concrete to increase their load-carrying capacity are known as?
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Lally Columns
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