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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A band
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These are dark bands. They are made of thick myosin filaments which overlap thin actin filaments.
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Abduction
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What aliens do. No, just kidding, it's a movement of a body part AWAY from the midline.
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Actin
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thin protein filaments that, with myosin, contracts muscle fibers
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Adduction
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movment of body part TOWARDS midline
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All-or-None response
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Muscle fiber or neuron responding completely when exposed to a stimulus
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Antagonist
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Prime Mover Muscle's Enemy, the one that opposes it
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Contraction
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In Myofibrils - actin & myosin slide past each other, shortening muscle fiber & pulling on its attachments
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Dorsiflexion
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bending foot toward shin
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Endurance training
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continuous vigorous exercise req'ing body consumption of O2 & developing muscle's ability to sustain activity for long time
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Extension
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Movement increasing angle between parts at join
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Fascia
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Sheet of fibrous connective tissue, enclosing a muscle
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fast fibers
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Fatigable. In response to strenuous exercise, these fibers produce new filaments of actin & myosin, diameters of muscle fibers increase, entire muscle enlarges
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fatigue
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muscle loses ability to contract
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flexion
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bending parts of a joint so that the angle between them decreases, & the parts come closer together
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hypertrophy
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enlarging of forefully exercised muscles
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hypothermia
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subnormal core body temperature below 37° C
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I-Band
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light bands - made of thin actin filaments attached to z-line
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insertion
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the end of a muscle attached to a moveable part
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isometric contraction
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muscle doesn't shorten
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isotonic contraction
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same tension/pressure
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motor neuron
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neuron that transmits impulses from central nervous system to an effector
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motor unit
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motor neuron and its associated muscle fibers
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muscle impulse
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Impulse that travels along sarcolemma & down transverse tubules
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muscle tone
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the certain amount of sustained contraction occuring when muscle is at rest
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myofibril
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contractile fibers within muscle cells
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myosin
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protein that w/ myosin contracts& relaxes muscle
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neurotransmitter
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chemical that axon end secretes to control another neuron or an effector
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origin
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end of muscle that attaches to an immovable part
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oxygen debt
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amt of oxygen required after physical exercise to convert accumulated lactic acid to glucose
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paralysis
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loss of ability to move a body part
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peristalsis
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rhythmic waves of muscular contraction in walls of certain tubular organs
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plantar flexion
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bending foot at ankle toward sole
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posture
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position of body
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prime mover
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muscle responsible for a particular body movement
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pronation
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downward or backward rotation of palm or hand
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rotation
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movement turning a body part around a central axis
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sarcomere
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structural and functional unit of a myofibril
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slow fibers
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weak contraction; fatigue resistant. With use,these develop more mitochondria & more extensive capillary networks. size & strength = unchanged
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stimulus
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change in environment that triggers a response from an organism or cell
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supination
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forearm rotation so palm faces upward when arm is outstretched
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synergist
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muscle that assists in action of prime mover
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tendon
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cordlike or bandlike mass of white fibrous connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone
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tetanic contraction
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continuous, forceful muscular contraction w/o relaxation
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Threshold stimulus
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stimulation level that must be exceeded to elecit nerve impulse or muscle contraction
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tonic contraction
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special - used for posture
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twitch
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brief muscular contraction followed by relaxation
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z Line
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where I-bands attach
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