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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A normal weight BMI is ___ kg/m² to ___ kg/m².
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18.5 kg/m² to 24.9 kg/m².
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A Underweight BMI is ___ kg/m².
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< 18.5 kg/m²
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A Overweight BMI is ___ kg/m² to ___ kg/m².
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25.0 – 29.9 kg/m²
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A Class I Obesity BMI is ___ kg/m² to ___ kg/m².
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30.0 – 34.9 kg/m²
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A Class II Obesity is ___ kg/m² to ___ kg/m².
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35.0 – 39.9 kg/m²
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A Class III Obesity is ___ kg/m² to ___ kg/m².
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> 40.0 kg/m²
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The Physical Fitness Assessment (_____ ) is one way of preventing overweight and obesity in the Navy.
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OPNAVINST 6110.1 series, Physical Readiness Program
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Food pyramid - orange
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Grains
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Food pyramid - green
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Vegetables
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Food pyramid - red
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Fruit (imagine apples are red.)
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food pyramid - yellow
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Fats, oils, and discretionary calories
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food pyramid - blue
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Milk
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food pyramid - purple
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Meat and Beans
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A ____ is a substance that contributes to growth or maintenance of the body.
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nutrient
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Male needs to consume ___ liters of water daily vice that of the ___ liters needed to be consumed daily by females.
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3.7 liters for male, and 2.7 liters for female
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For every one pound loss of body weight, a person should drink __ pint, or ___ fluid ounces.
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one pint, 16 fl oz
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____ s’ main role is to provide energy to the cells.
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Carbohydrates'
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Plant sugar in its simplest form is called ____.
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glucose, a monosaccharide.
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Fructose, galactose, and glucose 果糖,半乳糖和葡萄糖are ____.
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monosaccharides
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Sucrose, lactose, maltose 蔗糖,乳糖,麦芽糖are _____.
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disaccharides
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Starches, glycogen, and fiber are ____.
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polysaccharides
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____ is the storage form of glucose in animals and humans.
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Glycogen
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The general recommendation for fiber intake is ___ grams for female and ___ grams for male.
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25 for female, 37 for male
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There are ___ amino acids that make up all the proteins the body needs. Of these, ___ are considered essential amino acids, meaning the body cannot make them itself.
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20, 9
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____-nutrition is more common and is expressed in disease states such as obesity and arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化. (quatity)
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Over-nutrition
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____ is the main energy source of aerobic metabolism and sustained exercise and is reliant on glucose, or carbohydrates, to be metabolized.
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Fat
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There are two other types of fats, ___ and ___.
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monounsaturated and polyunsaturated
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____ fats have been closely linked to heart disease.
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Saturated
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___ fats are not naturally occurring fats and are generally not considered a healthy fat.
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Trans
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____ are a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fat that have been linked to lessening the risk for heart disease and improving joint health.
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Omega-3 fatty acids
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_____, a sterol, is also a member of the lipid family. It is mentioned in a negative way related to increasing the risk for heart disease, but it is actually a critical part of many hormones to include testosterone and estrogen.
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Cholesterol 胆固醇
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some examples of major minerals:_________
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Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfur
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some examples of trace minerals: _________
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Iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, molybdenum
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A _______ diet is very common and is usually the first diet ordered for people who have not eaten in a few days or are recovering from surgery; it is used to determine a patient’s readiness for solid food.
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CLEAR LIQUID DIET
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A ______ diet can be used when a patient is tolerating a clear liquid diet, but may not be quite ready for a regular or modified diet.
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FULL LIQUID DIET
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diet usually indicated with patients whose jaw is wired
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DENTAL LIQUID, BLENDERIZED LIQUID DIET
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most typically indicated with trauma, underweight, failure to thrive (at any age), burns, wound healing, and occasionally after major surgery.
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HIGH CALORIE/HIGH PROTEIN DIET
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This diet is intended to promote slow weight loss. No less than ____ calories.
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CALORIE-RESTRICTED DIET
1200 calories |
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This diet is indicated in patients with renal disease or hepatic disease.
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PROTEIN RESTRICTED DIET
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This diet indicated during times where minimal stool production is warranted. It is for patients with diverticulitis, active ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) flare ups, or post gastrointestinal surgery.
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RESIDUE/FIBER RESTRICTED DIET
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This diet be helpful in the chronic management of many gastrointestinal diseases. Conditions such as diverticulosis憩室炎and non-acute irritable bowel syndrome非急性肠易激综合症 or ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎 usually benefit from it.
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HIGH FIBER DIET
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This diet used in the nutritional treatment of diabetes. The diet itself is designed to help manage a patient’s blood sugar levels.
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CARBOHYDRATE CONSISTENT / CONTROLLED, DIABETIC DIET
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Sodium, cholesterol, and fat (specifically saturated fat) are the three nutrients usually restricted in this diet when a patient has any kind of heart or cardiovascular condition.
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LOW SODIUM, LOW CHOLESTEROL, LOW FAT, CARDIAC DIET
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This diet used when a person has Celiac’s Disease腹腔的疾病, an inflammatory disease of the bowel.
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GLUTEN FREE DIET
面筋 |
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Food Pyramid is obtained from what dept?
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the United States Department of Agriculture.
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Carbohydrates are made of _______
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sugar, starches, glycogen, and fiber
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What diet does not consist of all five food groups?
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FULL LIQUID DIET
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_____ diets are NOT nutritionally complete.
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Clear liquid diet
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The _____ diet is modified in texture 质地 and consists of noncrunchy or crispy 非松脆或酥脆 foods that may injure the gastrointestinal tract starting with the mouth.
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SOFT OR BLAND DIET
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_____ diet is indicated in certain post-operative cases, patients with gastrointestinal disorders such as GERD (gastroesophogeal reflux disease), immediately following an acute illness, or patients who cannot tolerate spicy or highly seasoned foods.
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SOFT OR BLAND DIET
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Many elderly and mentally disabled 智障 patients need a ____ diet..
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PUREED 糊状 DIET
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______ diet is typically indicated with patients who are edentulous or partially edentulous 缺牙, recovering from a stroke, have failed a Modified Barium Swallow, or who may not be cognitively aware enough to chew.
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PUREED DIET
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The ______ diet is nutritionally complete, but the patient may benefit from a general multivitamin.
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PUREED DIET
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The _____ diet is usually lower in fiber, therefore the patient’s bowel movements should be monitored more closely on a pureed diet as the stool may be harder and be excreted less frequently.
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PUREED DIET
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_____ should be taken with a meal, ____ medications for hyperlipidemia 高脂血症 should not be taken with grapefruit juice, and _____ need a consistent oral intake of vitamin K.
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ibuprofen
statin medications 他汀类药物 warfarins |
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13-8. What percentage loss of body water will cause heat injury or death?
1. 60% 2. 1 to 2% 3. 3 to 5% 4. 5 to 7% |
4. 5 to 7%
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13-7. After consuming food a male needs to consume an average of how much free water?
1. 3 liters 2. 3.7 liters 3. 2 liters 4. 2.7 liters |
1. 3 liters
3 liters for men and 2.2 liters for females. |
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13-13. Sucrose
A. Monosaccharide B. Disaccharide C. Polysaccharide |
B. Disaccharide
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13-14. Fructose
A. Monosaccharide B. Disaccharide C. Polysaccharide |
A. Monosaccharide
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13-15. Galactose
A. Monosaccharide B. Disaccharide C. Polysaccharide |
A. Monosaccharide
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13-17. Lactose
A. Monosaccharide B. Disaccharide C. Polysaccharide |
B. Disaccharide
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13-19. The recommended fiber intake for women is?
1. 17 grams 2. 25 grams 3. 27 grams 4. 35 grams |
2. 25 grams
fiber intake is 25 grams for women and 37 grams for men |
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13-24. For a person who weighs 185 lbs, what
is the recommended amount of protein that should be consumed daily? 1. 67 grams 2. 68 grams 3. 69 grams 4. 70 grams |
2. 67 grams (185 * 0.8 / 2.2)
The recommended amount of protein for all adults is 0.8g/kg/day. |
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13-36. Infusing too much ______ in an intravenous line can cause death.
1. Potassium 2. Magnesium 3. Selenium 4. Sodium |
2. Magnesium
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13-37. Surgical patients who do not consume enough of _____ mineral found in shellfish could have poor wound healing.
1. Iodine 2. Zinc 3. Copper 4. Iron |
2. Zinc
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13-44. A person on a cholesterol restriction of 300 mg per day should have no more than how many whole eggs per day?
1. None 2. Half 3. 1 4. 2 |
3. 1 whole egg
one egg yolk contains approximately 225 mg of cholesterol and 3 oz of beef contains approximately 90 mg of cholesterol. |
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13-45. What is the most aggressive type of nutritional therapy?
1. Enteral 2. Parenteral 3. Oral 4. All of the above |
2. Parenteral
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13-46. Which of the following provides a way for enteral nutritional therapy?
1. NG Tube 2. J Tube 3. Both 1 and 2 4. ET Tube |
3. Both 1 and 2
Enteral feeds can be provided via a nasogastric (NG) tube, a nasoduodenal (ND) or nasojejunal (NJ) tube, or can be inserted directly into the stomach (G tube), or the small intestine (J tube). |