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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Joseph Stalin
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Leader of Communist Soviet Union. Believed in the eventual rule by the working class
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Totalitarian Government
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Individuals have no rights and the government suppresses all opposition
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Benito Mussolini
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Leader of Fascist Italy
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Fascism
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Stressed nationalism and placed the interest of the state above those of individuals. Thought power should rest with one leader and a small group of party members
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Adolf Hitler
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Leader of Nazi Germany
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Nazism
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The German brand of Fascism that was based on extreme nationalism
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Francisco Franco
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Leader of a group of Spanish army officers who rebelled against the Spanish republic
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Neutrality Acts
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1935: The first two acts outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war. The third act extended the ban on arms sales and loans to nations engaged in civil wars
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Neville Chamberlain
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Prime Minister of Great Britain
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Winston Churchill
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Chamberlain's political rival in Great Britain
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Appeasement
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Giving up principles to pacify an aggressor. Churchill thought the Munich Agreement was appeasement
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Nonaggression Pact
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Fascist Germany and Communist Russia agreed to never attack each other
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Blitzkrieg
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A technique of lightning war used by the Germans
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Charles de Gaulle
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French general who fled to England where he set up a government-in-exile
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Holocaust
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The systematic murder of 11 million people across Europe, more than half of whom were Jews
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Kristallnacht
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November 9-10, 1938: "Night of Broken Glass" where Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues across Germany
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Genocide
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The deliberate and systematic killing of an entire population
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Ghettos
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Segregated Jewish areas in certain Polish cities
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Concentration Camps
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Labor camps that Jews were sent to
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Axis Powers
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Germany, Italy and Japan. AKA the Tripartite Pact
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Lend-Lease Act
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March 1941: The president would lend or lease arms and other supplies to "any country whose defense was vital to the United States"
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Atlantic Charter
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A joint declaration of war aims agreed by Roosevelt and Churchill that was signed by 26 nations
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Allies
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The nations that had fought the Axis Powers
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Hideki Tojo
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Chief of staff of Japan's Kwantung Army who launched the invasion into China
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George Marshall
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Army Chief of Staff General who supported the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)
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Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)
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Women volunteers would serve in noncombat positions
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A. Philip Randolph
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President and founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and the nation's most respected African-American labor leader. Organized a march on Washington to protest discrimination
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Manhattan Project
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The code name for research work to develop the atomic bomb
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Office of Price Administration (OPA)
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Fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods
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War Production Board (WPB)
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Decided which companies would convert from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries
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Rationing
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Establishing fixed allotments of goods deemed essential for the military.
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
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American General who commanded Operation Torch, an invasion of Axis-controlled North Africa
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D-Day
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June 6, 1944: Code-named Operation Overlord. British, American and Canadian troops planned to attack Normandy in northern France
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Omar Bradley
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General who unleashed massive air and land bombardment against the enemy at St. Lo which provided a gap in the German line of defense
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George Patton
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General who led his Third Army in D-Day
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Battle of the Bulge
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The last German offensive. German tanks created a bulge in the lines but the Germans had been pushed back
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V-E Day
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Victory in Europe Day
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Harry S. Truman
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The 33rd president of the United States. Came to power after Roosevelt's death
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Douglas MacArthur
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General who was in command of Allied forces in the Philippines
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Chester Nimitz
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The commander of American naval forces in the Pacific
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Battle of Midway
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Turning point in the Pacific War where the Allies began "island hopping." They won territory back from the Japanese
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Kamikaze
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Suicide-plane attack in which Japanese pilots crashed their planes into Allied ships
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J. Robert Oppenheimer
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American scientist who helped with the development of the atomic bomb
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Hiroshima
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An important Japanese military center which was the location for the first dropping of the atomic bomb, Little Boy
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Nagasaki
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Another city in Japan which was the location of the second dropping of the atomic bomb, Fat Man
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Nuremberg Trials
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The defendants included Hitler's most trusted party officials, government ministers, military leaders and powerful industrialists.
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GI Bill of Rights
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Provided education and training for veterans, paid for by the federal government
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James Farmer
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Civil rights leader who founded an organization called the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
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Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
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An organization that confronted urban segregation in the North
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Internment
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Confinement. Most commonly used when it comes to Japanese Americans after the attack on Pearl Harbor
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Japanese American Citizens League (JACL)
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Pushed the government to compensate those sent to the camps for their lost property
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