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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Heart failure is a progressive syndrome diagnosed with clinical findings as well as ____ and _____ cardiac changes. |
Structural Functional |
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Two categories of HF |
HF with reduced LVEF HF with preserved EF, 55% or higher |
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CHF is HF with an EF of ___ or below. |
35% |
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In systole, HF is usually below ____ |
35% |
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In diastolic HF EF may be___ but the RV is enlarged or has ____ filling. |
Normal Abnormal |
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_____ _____ cardiac output fails to meet the bodies metabolic needs. This is a ____ overload problem because it can't pump good enough. Does diastolic or systolic dysfunction unction occur? Since the cardiac output is inadequate, congestion develops ____ the failing ventricles. |
Acute decompensated Fluid volume overload Both Behind |
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Left sided HF is typically due to damage to the ____. This results in _____ congestion and ____ pulmonary pressure. |
Myocardium Pulmonary Increased |
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The signs and symptoms for left sided HF are |
P. 248 |
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Right sided HF signs and symptoms are |
P. 248 |
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Right sided HF typically follows left sided HF due to ____ pressure, resulting in systemic congestion. |
Pulmonary |
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Causes of HF are |
P. 249 |
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As the heart fails the body compensates in an attempt to maintain ____. This delays having early symptoms of HF. Eventually this causes further damage and worsens HF. |
Cardiac output |
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Three components of compensation are |
1. chronotropic force 2. Inotropic force 3. Ventricular dilatation with thinning walls |
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Three components of compensation are |
1. chronotropic force 2. Inotropic force 3. Ventricular dilatation with thinning walls |
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Chronotropic force is |
Increased heart rate |
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Three components of compensation are |
1. chronotropic force 2. Inotropic force 3. Ventricular dilatation with thinning walls |
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Chronotropic force is |
Increased heart rate |
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Inotropic force is |
Hypertrophy of the heart walls that enables the heart to contract with more force. This leads to create myocardial oxygen demand leading to further deterioration. |
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As a result of HF to empty the venous system and pump it into arterial system, these complications may arise. Increased left and right verticular _____. Elevated systemic and ____ pressure. ____ cardiac output. |
Pressure Pulmonary Decreased |
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Treatment of HF |
Back (Definition) |
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With HF we will see this in an echo. _____ left and right ventricular function.____ left and right ventricular size. We may detect other underlying causes or associated causes of HF such as valve disease, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, CAD, tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, atrial or septal defect. |
Decreased Increased |
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With Doppler we elavuate valvular disease of present and evaluate _____ function. |
Diastolic |
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Cardiac Cath is when they insert a catheter into an ______or____ into the patients arm neck or groin. |
Artery or vein |