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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
________________ occurs when heart muscle tissue dies because its blood supply is severely reduced or stopped. |
Heart attack |
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The links included in the cardiac chain of survival include: |
recognition and action CPR and defibrillation Advanced care and postarrest care |
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At the same time you check for responsiveness, you should look at the victim to see whether he or she _____________. |
Is breathing |
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If an unresponsive victim is not breathing or only gasping, the first aider should first: |
Call 911 |
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The simplest method to check responsiveness of a victim is to: |
Tap the shoulder and shout, "Are you okay?" |
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When performing adult CPR, how many compressions should be given? |
30 |
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When performing chest compressions on a nadult victim, the sternum should be depressed: |
at least 2 inches |
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The ratio of compressions to breaths when performing adult CPR is: |
30 compressions to 2 breaths |
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When performing child CPR, give chest compressions at the rate of: |
at least 100 compressions per minute |
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When giving chest compressions to an infant, use: |
Two fingers |
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Which method should be used to open the airway for all unresponsive victims? |
Head tilt-chin life |
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An object lodged in the airway can cause a mild or severe ______. |
Airway obstruction |
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When giving abdominal thrusts to a choking victim, where should you position your hands? |
In the middle of the abdomin, just above the navel |
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How many abdominal thrusts should be given to a responsive choking victim? |
As many as are needed to remove the obstruction or until the victim becomes unresponsive |
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How many back blows and chest thrusts should be given to a responsive choking infant? |
5 each |
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Infants are those who are: |
Younger than 1 year of age |
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A child's age ranges from: |
1 year to puberty |
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Adults include those who are: |
At puberty and older |
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Which are good locations for AED's? |
Golf courses, Stadiums Airports and airplanes |
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During ventricular fibrillation, the heart: |
quivers and cannot pump blood |
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The leading cause of death and disability in children and young adults is: |
Unintentional injuries |
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First aid is intended to : |
Provide temporary help until proper medical care, if needed, is obtained |
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Properly applies, first aid may mean the difference between: |
Life and death rapid recovery and long hospitalization temporary disability and permanent injury |
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Consent to give first aid must be obtained from every victim who is: |
Responsive mentally competent of legal age
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What level of care is a first aider expected to give? |
Standard of care |
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When calling 911, which of the following information should be given to the EMS dispatch? |
The victim's location and condition Number of persons involved Your name and the phone number you are calling from |
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What should the rescuer look for during the scene size-up? |
Hazards that could be dangerous to the rescuer, the victim, or bystanders The mechanism or cause of injury The number of victims |
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) includes: |
Exam gloves Mouth to barrier devices Eye protection |
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The first aider should leave the confirmation of death to: |
A physician |
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The first stage of grieving is |
Denial |
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The second stage of grieving is |
Anger |
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The third stage of grieving is |
Bargaining |
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The fourth step of grieving is |
Depression |
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The fifth step of grieving is |
Acceptance |
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The process of breathing out is called |
exhalation |
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he average rate of breathing in an adult at rest is _______ breaths per minute. |
12 to 20 |
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The adult skeleton has ______ bones |
206 |
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Check the victim's responsiveness by gently tapping the victim's shoulder and asking loudly |
Are you okay? |
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Victims placed in a recovery position or HAINES position should be placed in their: |
Left side |
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The process of prioritizing victims is called: |
Triage |
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Shock refers to the failure of which system? |
Cardiovascular |
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Without oxygen, the brain will start to be damaged irreparably in _______ minutes. |
4 to 6 |
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The Perfusion Triangle includes: |
heart, blood vessels, blood |
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Anaphylactic shock: |
is a massive allergic reaction |
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The early stage of shock is called: |
compensated |
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The late stage of shock is called: |
decompensated |
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The final stage of shock is called: |
terminal |
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Blood from _________ flows steadily or gushes. |
Veins |
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What is the most effective method for controlling most types of bleeding? |
Direct pressure over the wound |
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The __________ is the largest artery in the human body. |
Aorta |
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Which wound results in skin cut with jagged, irregular edges? |
Laceration |
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Which wound involves the cutting or tearing off of a body part? |
Amputation |
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What at are the signs and symptoms of an infected wound? |
Throbbing pain Pus discharge Fever
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Repeated rubbing of a small area of skin will produce a(n) ___________. |
Blister |
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In a __________ wound, there is a bullet entry point but no exit |
penetrating |
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In a ____________- wound, there are both entry and exit points |
perforating |
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What is the purpose of a bandage? |
To hold a dressing in place |
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A first-degree burn is also described as __________. |
Superficial |
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A second-degree burn is also described as _________. |
Partial thickness |
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A third-degree burn is also described as ___________. |
Full thickness |
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The two classifications for fractures are: |
Open and closed |
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What mnemonic can be used to identify signs and symptoms of a fracture? |
DOTS |
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The D in Dots stands for: |
Deformity |
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The O in Dots stands for: |
Open wound |
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The T in Dots stands for: |
Tenderness |
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The S in Dots stands for: |
Swelling |
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When should a fracture be stabilized? |
Before you move the victim |
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Before applying a splint you should always: |
Check CSM |
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Always stabilize an injured knee in which position? |
In the position it was found |
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In the mnemonic Rice, the R stands for: |
Rest |
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In the mnemonic Rice, the E stands for: |
Elevation |
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In the mnemonic Rice, the I stands for: |
Ice |
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In the mnemonic Rice, the C stands for: |
Compression |
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Tendonitis usually results from |
continuous overuse |
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External bleeding from a femur fracture is often: |
Severe |
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Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a broken tibia? |
Visibly deformed Swelling Severe pain |
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In a _________, the skin is not broken. |
closed chest injury |
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What is the most important step in caring for a victim of an impaled object in the chest? |
Stabilizing the object in place |
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How should you control bleeding when a depressed skull fracture is suspected? |
Apply pressure around the edges of the wound |
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How should you treat a suspected broken nose? |
Treat a nosebleed by following normal procedures Apply an ice pack to the nose for 15 minutes Do not try to straighten a crooked nose |
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Risk factors for heart disease that cannot be controlled include all of the following EXCEPT which one? |
Diabetes |
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_____________ Occurs when one or more of the arteries delivering blood to the heart becomes blocked. |
Heart Attack |
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Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and related lung diseases are all grouped under the broad term: |
COPD |
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What first aid should you give to a fainting victim? |
Monitor breathing |
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A victim of a seizure should be placed: |
On his or her side |
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Type I diabetes, or juvenile-onset, is also known as _____________. |
noninsulin dependant |
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Vomiting and diarrhea pose a particular risk for: |
Dehydration |
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Poisons can be: |
Ingested or inhaled Infected Absorbed |
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______________ occurs when a victim swallows a toxic substance. |
Ingested poisoning |
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Alcohol is a _________. |
Depressant |
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If the intoxicated person is lying down, place him or her: |
On his or her left side |
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Uppers stimulate which system of the body? |
Central nervous system |
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If a person is bitten by a snake while trying to move away from it, he or she suffered a: |
Legitimate bite |
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Bites on the upper extremities are almost always the result of a(n): |
Illegitimate bite |
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In the United States, mosquitoes are carriers of: |
encephalitis |
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The tightening of blood vessels in skin that is exposed to cold is called: |
Vasoconstriction |
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Body heat loss by direct contact with a colder object is called: |
Conductive |
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Body heat loss by conversion of liquid on the skin to a vapor is called: |
Evaporation |
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Body heat loss by air blowing over the skin or through porous clothing is called: |
Convection |
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Which heat illness is life threatening? |
Heatstroke |