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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hyperresonance |
Resonance increased above the normal, and often of lower pitch, on percussion of an area of the body |
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Resonance |
The quality in a sound of being deep, full, and reverberating |
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Crackles/Rales |
Wet lung sounds |
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Vesicular sounds |
The sounds heard across the main lung fields. Lower-pitched, rustling sounds with higher intensity during inspiration. During expiration, sound intensity can quickly fade. |
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Bronchial Vesicular sounds |
These are normal sounds in the mid-chest area or in the posterior chest between the scapula. They reflect a mixture of the pitch of the bronchial breath sounds heard near the trachea and the alveoli with the vesicular sound. |
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Bronchial sounds |
Hollow, tubular sounds that are lower pitched. They can be auscultated over the trachea where they are considered normal. |
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Wheezes |
Air sound of constricted bronchioles/bronchi |
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Rhonchi |
Rattling, continuous and low-pitched breath sounds that often sound like snoring. Also called low-pitched wheezes. Often caused by secretions in larger airways or obstructions. |
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Clubbing |
Deformation of the fingers and toes caused by chronic hypoxia |
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Pleural effusion |
Buildup of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and chest |
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Pneumothorax |
Air or gas in the thorax, between the lung and chest wall. Can cause collapse of the lung. |
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Tachypnea |
Rapid breathing. >20 breaths/min |
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Bradypnea |
Slow breathing. <8 breaths/min |
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Orthopnea |
Difficulty breathing while laying down |
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Dyspnea |
Difficulty breathing. Labored breathing. Shortness of breath. Whatever. |
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Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
Attacks of severe shortness of breath/coughing that occur at night |
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Cheynestokes breathing |
Abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper and sometimes faster breathing, followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing called an apnea. The pattern repeats, with each cycle usually taking 30 seconds to 2 minutes. |
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Agonal breathing |
Abnormal pattern of breathing and brainstem reflex characterized by gasping, labored breathing, accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus (spasmodic, jerky contractions). Indicates an extremely serious medical state. Commonly seen in shock, cardiac arrest, etc. Not effective breathing. |
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Kussmaulsbreathing |
Deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure. Form of hyperventilation. Attempt to blow off CO2 to decrease acidosis. |
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Consodilation |
A region of (normally compressible) lung tissue that hasfilled with liquid, a condition marked by induration (swelling or hardening ofnormally soft tissue) of a normally aerated lung. |
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Egophony |
An increased resonance of voice sounds heard when auscultating the lungs, oftencaused by lung consolidation and fibrosis. |
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Tactile Fremitus |
Refersto vibratory tremors that can be felt through the chest by palpation. To assessfor tactile fremitus, ask the patient to say “99” or “blue moon”.While the patient is speaking, palpate the chest from one side to the other. |
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Lung excursion |
A movement outward and back or from a mean ... one complete movement ofexpansion and contraction of the lungs. Assessed by placing hands on chest/back during respiration to visualize expansion. |
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Skin turgor |
A sign used to test hydration levels of the body. To test, pinchskin above clavicle . |