Greek Theatre

Front 1

Who was Dionysus?

Back 1

The God of fertility and wine

Front 2

What do myths about him relate too?

Back 2

Life cycle and seasonal changes

Front 3

When was Dionysian worship introduced and what was its main purpose?

Back 3

Fertility

13th century bc

Front 4

Dithyramb

Back 4

Hymns sung in unison by the chorus

Front 5

What where the four festivals that where held each year?

Back 5

Rural Dionysia

Lenaia

Anthesteria

City Dionysia

Front 6

What was thespian drama?

Back 6

One actor and a chorus

Single actor used masks for various characters

Robes of Thespis: costumes

Front 7

What 3 elements are necessary for drama?

Back 7

Actors

Conflict

Audience

Front 8

Explain the city Dionysia festival?

Back 8

End of March

Attended by all citizens

Most plays written for this festival

Prep 10-11 months

3 tragic plays 1 comedy

Play on each day but first day was the procession

Front 9

What prizes where given?

Back 9

Best tragedy

Best comedy

Best production

Best tragic action

Front 10

Who financed the chorus

Back 10

The choregoi which were wealthy citizens

Front 11

What did the chorus do between episodes?

Back 11

Gave lyrical commentary on the action taking place

Enlightened audience on deeper meanings

Provides relief from previous tensions

Front 12

Where did the chorus always act?

Back 12

Around the altar of Dionysus

Front 13

How many people where in the chorus

Back 13

50 then 12 then 15

Front 14

When did the chorus enter

Back 14

After the prologue

Front 15

What where some of the choruses functions?

Back 15

They functioned as a character in the play, giving advice, asking questions, giving opinions, taking a role in plays dramatic action

Was the the ideal spectator, reacting at the right points

Helped set mood of the play or heighten the dramatic affect

Added movement , dance and song

Presented background of the story

Sang hymns to the gods

Front 16

Explain what a tunic or chiton was?

Back 16

Their costumes.

Ankle length

Embroider, elaborate

Allowed for freedom of movement and speech

Colour of costume indicated status

Front 17

What did the tragic actor where and how did he act?

Back 17

Static, God like creature, speaking and singing in harmony with the music

Dignified, , formal, upright voice

High headdress

Mask with distorted features

Thick soled boots

Padded clothing

Costume added divinity to role and enhanced stage presence

Colours indicated class

Front 18

Explain how the comic actor dressed and how he acted:

Back 18

Agile, acrobatic, versatile

Less hampering costume

Soft slippers

Flesh coloured tights

Short tunic

Heavily padded

Large leather phallus

Very exaggerated masks

Front 19

What was the invention from Aeschylus and give the themes in his plays

Back 19

Introduced the second actor to allow face to face conflict

Reduced importance of chorus

Themes:

Mans relationship with gods and universe

Justice

Morals

Front 20

What was the invention from Euripedes and give the themes in his plays

Back 20

Reduced role of chorus

Turned to melodrama

Themes:

Philosophical

Questioned Athenian ideals

Gods appeared petty and not effective

Front 21

What was the invention from Sophocles and give the themes in his plays

Back 21

Introduced third actor

Developed greater dramatic complexity

Themes:

Human relationships

Skillful climaxes

Great observer of people

Front 22

Skene

Back 22

Where actors could change roles

Formed background for play

Entrance for actors

Front 23

Paraskenia

Back 23

Projecting side wings

Front 24

Paradoi

Back 24

Entrances for chorus between paraskenia and auditorium into orchestra area

Front 25

Exhaustra

Back 25

Where bodies where wheeled in afterwards

Front 26

Machina

Back 26

How gods made appearances from roof of stage house , scene with crane like device

Front 27

Periaktoi

Back 27

3 flats put together to make a triangle

Front 28

Koilon

Back 28

Was the auditorium of the Greek theatre

Front 29

Proedria

Back 29

Front rows in theatre reserved for priest

Front 30

Orchestra

Back 30

Flat terrace where chorus performed

Front 31

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 31

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 32

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 32

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 33

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 33

Single and complex

Front 34

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 34

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 35

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 35

Single and complex

Front 36

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 36

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 37

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 37

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 38

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 38

Single and complex

Front 39

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 39

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 40

What do all plots have?

Back 40

Pathos - suffering

Front 41

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 41

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 42

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 42

Single and complex

Front 43

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 43

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 44

What do all plots have?

Back 44

Pathos - suffering

Front 45

What does a complex plot include?

Back 45

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 46

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 46

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 47

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 47

Single and complex

Front 48

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 48

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 49

What do all plots have?

Back 49

Pathos - suffering

Front 50

What does a complex plot include?

Back 50

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 51

Catharsis

Back 51

Purification :

Tragedy raises the emotions of pity and fear then purified or purges them

Front 52

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 52

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 53

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 53

Single and complex

Front 54

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 54

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 55

What do all plots have?

Back 55

Pathos - suffering

Front 56

What does a complex plot include?

Back 56

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 57

Catharsis

Back 57

Purification :

Tragedy raises the emotions of pity and fear then purified or purges them

Front 58

Satyres

Back 58

Half men half goats

Front 59

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 59

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 60

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 60

Single and complex

Front 61

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 61

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 62

What do all plots have?

Back 62

Pathos - suffering

Front 63

What does a complex plot include?

Back 63

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 64

Catharsis

Back 64

Purification :

Tragedy raises the emotions of pity and fear then purified or purges them

Front 65

Satyres

Back 65

Half men half goats

Front 66

What festival die comedy start from?

Back 66

The Lenaia festival

Front 67

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 67

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 68

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 68

Single and complex

Front 69

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 69

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 70

What do all plots have?

Back 70

Pathos - suffering

Front 71

What does a complex plot include?

Back 71

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 72

Catharsis

Back 72

Purification :

Tragedy raises the emotions of pity and fear then purified or purges them

Front 73

Satyres

Back 73

Half men half goats

Front 74

What festival die comedy start from?

Back 74

The Lenaia festival

Front 75

What does comedy consist of?

Back 75

Old comedy: two parts;

Agon, debate

Komos, ending, merrymaking

New comedyb

Front 76

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 76

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 77

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 77

Single and complex

Front 78

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 78

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 79

What do all plots have?

Back 79

Pathos - suffering

Front 80

What does a complex plot include?

Back 80

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 81

Catharsis

Back 81

Purification :

Tragedy raises the emotions of pity and fear then purified or purges them

Front 82

Satyres

Back 82

Half men half goats

Front 83

What festival die comedy start from?

Back 83

The Lenaia festival

Front 84

What does comedy consist of?

Back 84

Old comedy: two parts;

Agon, debate

Komos, ending, merrymaking

New comedyb

Front 85

Who was Aristophanes?

Back 85

Related to politics and social customs of the time

Titles: Birds, Frogs, Wasps

Themes: social satire, personal criticism, obscenity

40 plays, 11 survived

Old comedy

Chorus played satire

Front 86

What are the six elements of tragedy according to Aristotle?

Back 86

Plot

Characters

Verbal expression

Thought

Visual adornment

Song composition

Front 87

Who was Menander?

Back 87

Comic dramatist

New comedy

Humorous

Politically inoffensive

Comic situations of urban life, domestic affairs

Plots tell of family matters, missing children, delayed marriages, mistaken identities

Romantic comedy of manners

Chorus disappeared

Front 88

What is the best tragic plot?

Back 88

Single and complex

Front 89

What is a characteristic of plots in comedies?

Back 89

Double plot- opposite endings for good and bad- good rewarded and wicked are punished

Front 90

What do all plots have?

Back 90

Pathos - suffering

Front 91

What does a complex plot include?

Back 91

Reversal: (peripeteia)

When a situation seems to be developing in one direction and suddenly reverses to another

Recognition : (anagnorisis)

A change from ignorance to awareness of a bond of love or hate.

Tragic reversals and recognitions best arouses pity and fear

Suffering: (pathos)

Destructive or painful act

Sympathy, empathy

Front 92

Catharsis

Back 92

Purification :

Tragedy raises the emotions of pity and fear then purified or purges them

Front 93

Satyres

Back 93

Half men half goats

Front 94

What festival die comedy start from?

Back 94

The Lenaia festival

Front 95

What does comedy consist of?

Back 95

Old comedy: two parts;

Agon, debate

Komos, ending, merrymaking

New comedyb

Front 96

Who was Aristophanes?

Back 96

Related to politics and social customs of the time

Titles: Birds, Frogs, Wasps

Themes: social satire, personal criticism, obscenity

40 plays, 11 survived

Old comedy

Chorus played satire