Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a pure substance? |
A pure substance is made up of only one kind of particle, and are classified as elements or compounds. |
|
|
What is an element? |
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances, and is found in the periodic table.
|
|
|
What is a compound? |
A compound is a pure substance that contains two or more different elements in a fixed proportion. It is made of the same kind of molecule.
|
|
|
What is a physical property? Give 3 examples. |
A physical property is a characteristic or description of a substance that can be used to identify it. Eg. Colour, texture, odour
|
|
|
What is a chemical property? Give 2 examples. |
A chemical property is the characteristic behaviour that occurs when one substance interacts with another to become a new substance.
|
|
|
What is a physical change? |
A physical change does not involve the formation of a new substance. It is a change in the size or form of a substance.
|
|
|
What is a chemical change? |
A chemical change is the alteration of a substance into the formation of a new substance. |
|
|
What is the periodic table? |
A structured arrangement of elements that helps us explain and predict physical and chemical properties. |
|
|
What are the properties of metals? |
-solids at room temperature (except for mercury)
-shiny lustre -good conductors of heat and electricity -malleable -ductile |
|
|
What are the properties of non-metals? |
-some are gases at room temperature, some are solids
-not shiny -poor conductors of heat and electricity -brittle -not ductile |
|
|
What are the properties of metalloids? |
-solids at room temperature
-can be shiny or dull -may conduct electricity -brittle -not ductile |
|
|
What is a proton? Where is it located? |
A proton is a positively charged particles that are located in the nucleus.
Proton - atomic number |
|
|
What is a neutron? Where is it located? |
A neutron is a neutrally charged particle located in the nucleus.
Neutron - mass # -atomic # |
|
|
What is an electron? Where is it located? |
An electron is a negatively charged particle found around the nucleus.
Electron - protons |
|
|
Why don't noble gases easily form compounds? |
Noble gases don't easily form compounds because their arrangement of electrons are stable (their outer electron shell is complete).
|
|
|
What is an ion? |
A charged atom in which the number of electrons is different from the number of protons.
|
|
|
What is an ion charge? |
The numerical value of the electric charge with a plus or minus sign.
|
|
|
What is a cation? |
A positively charged ion that results when a neutral atom gives up an electron (e.g. lithium and calcium). |
|
|
What is an anion? |
A negatively charged ion that results when a neutral atom gains electrons (e.g. sulfur).
|
|
|
What is an electron dot diagram? |
A diagram that uses the symbol of the element to replace the nucleus and inner shell electrons, the valence electrons are shown as dots placed around the symbol.
|
|
|
What are 4 trends on the periodic table? |
**idk lol |
|
|
What is matter? |
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
|
|
|
What is a mixture? |
Composed of 2 or more substances, made up of different particles in various proportions.
|
|
|
What is a pure substance? |
Composed of one substance only, only one type of particle.
|
|
|
What is a heterogeneous mixture? |
Two or more phases are visible in the mixture.
|
|
|
What is a homogeneous mixture? |
Only one phase that is uniformly mixed together is visible.
|
|
|
How many periods does the periodic table have? |
7
|
|
|
How many groups does the periodic table have? |
18
|
|
|
Where are the metals found on the periodic table? |
most of the left side of the periodic table.
|
|
|
Where are the non-metals found on the periodic table? |
the right side of the periodic table.
|
|
|
Which elements are found around the "staircase" of the periodic table? |
** |
|
|
Why are elements on the "staircase" special? |
They have characteristics of both metals and non-metals.
|
|
|
Which metal is liquid at room temperature? |
Mercury
|
|
|
What does the atomic number represent? |
The amount of protons and electrons in the element.
|
|
|
What does the atomic mass represent? |
the amount of protons and neutrons in an element.
|
|
|
Why are groups important in the periodic table? |
**
|
|
|
What is special about the group of noble gases? |
They do not form compounds.
|
|
|
What happens to the elements in a group as you move vertically down the periodic table? |
**
|
|
|
What are binary compounds? |
Compounds that contain two different elements (e.g. NaCl)
|
|
|
What is a polyatomic ion? |
Ions which consist of two or more different non-metal atoms, joined by covalent bonds.
|
|
|
What is a molecular compound? |
Non-metal + non-metal
|
|
|
What is a binary compound? |
non metal + non metal
|
|
|
What is an ionic compound? |
substances that are composed of cations and anions, usually occur between metals and non-metals.
|
|
|
What is a covalent bond/ |
non-metal + non metal
|
|
|
What is a diatomic molecule? |
a molecule that contains two of the same element. seven elements exist as diatomic HOBrFINCl.
|
|
|
What are electrolytes? |
Substances that dissolve in water to produce a solution that conducts electricity.
|
|
|
What is an acid? |
A substance that produces hydrogen ions in solution.
|
|
|
What is a base? |
A substance that produces hydroxide ions in solution.
|
|
|
What is an indicator? |
a chemical that changes colour as the concentration of H or OH changes.
|
|
|
What is an oxide? Give 2 examples. |
A compound that consists of an element combined with only oxygen.
E.g. Carbon Monoxide (CO), CO2 (carbon dioxide_ |
|
|
What are the types of reactions? |
synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, combustion |
