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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Favorable; noncancerous
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Benign
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Removal of a living tissue, cell, or fluid sample from the body and microscopic examination to determine its exact nature and to establish a diagnosis
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Biopsy
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An imperfection existing since birthday
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Congenital Defect
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Cutting a thin piece of frozen tissue specimen for examination under a microscope
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Frozen Section
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Protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through a defect in the supporting structures which normally contain it
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Hernia
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Surgical repair of a hernia
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Hernioplasty or Herniorrhaphy
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Area of the lower abdomen where direct inguinal hernias occur
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Hesselbach's triangle
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In position; localized and noninvasive
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In situ
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Surgical opening of the abdomen; an abdominal operation
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Laparotomy
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Exploration of the abdominal cavity with the use of an endoscopic instrument
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Laparoscopy
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Radiography of the soft tissue of the breast to allow identification of various benign and malignant processes
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Mammography
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Inflation of the peritoneal cavity with carbon dioxide gas to prevent injury to abdominal structures during laparoscopic surgery
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Pneumoperitoneum
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Purpose of hernia surgery:
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To repair the defect and to strengthen the supporting structures
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Direct or indirect hernias which represent attenuations or tears in the transversalis fascia
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Inguinal hernia
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Protrudes from the groin, below the inguinal ligament into the thigh
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Femoral hernia
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Protrusion of a portion of the stomach through the opening for the esophagus which is through the diaphragm
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Hiatel hernia
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Any hernia through the abdominal wall; can appear after previous operations or spontaneously
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Ventral hernia
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What are the 3 types of Ventral Hernias?
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Incisional, Epigastric, and Umbilical
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What are the 3 parts of Hesselbach's triangle?
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Deep epigastric vessels laterally, inguinal ligament inferiorly, and rectus abdominis muscle medially
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What is the purpose of thyroid surgery?
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To treat various diseases of the thyroid
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What are the 4 main disorders of the thyroid?
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Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, enlarged gland (Goiter), and cancer
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Removal of the thyroid tissue to aid in establishing a diagnosis of the thyroiditis and diferentiate between nodular goiter and carcinoma
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Thyroid biopsy
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Removal of a lobe of the thyroid gland
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Thyroid Lobectomy
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Excision of enlarging goiters into the substernal and intrathoracic regions which may be causing tracheal and esophageal obstruction
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Substernal or Intrathoracic Thyroidectomy
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Excision of all portions of the cyst and duct, as well as a portion of the hyoid bone, to avoid recurrent cystic formation and prevent infections
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Thyroglossal duct cystectomy
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Removal of the entire thyroid gland to treat a malignancy
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Total thyroidectomy
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THYROIDECTOMY: Patient is positioned, prepped, and draped according to ___'s preference
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Surgeon
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THYROIDECTOMY: Surgeon defines the proposed incision line by using a ___ or by ___.
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Marking pen OR by grasping a length of suture and pressing it against the patient's neck
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THYROIDECTOMY: Surgeon incises the neck and subcutaneous tissue, exposing the ___ while the assistant retracts with rake retractors
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Platysma Muscle
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THYROIDECTOMY: Surgeon continues dissection and deeper retractors are used such as a ___ or ____ rectractor if the wound is very deep
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Greene or Army-Navy
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THYROIDECTOMY: When the thyroid is exposed, two small self-retaining retractors such as ___ or ___ are placed in the wound, and surgeon grasps the gland with one or two Lahey tenaculi designed for thyroid procedures
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Lahey or Gelpi
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THYROIDECTOMY: Surgeon mobilizes the gland by double-clamping small sections of tissue, dividing between the clamps, and ligating teh stumps. During dissection of the gland, the surgeon identifies and protects the recurrent ___ from damage since it supplies the larynx
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Laryngeal nerve
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THYROIDECTOMY: Suture ligatures of ___________ may be used to occlude the large thyroid arteries
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2-0 or 3-0 silk
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THYROIDECTOMY: Wound is irrigated. Drainage is usually unnecessary, but a small ___ may be inserted
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Penrose drain
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Positioning, prepping, and draping procedures are the ___ as for surgery of the thyroid
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same
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Multiple specimens obtained during parathyroid surgery should be ___
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kept separated
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What are 3 purposes of breast surgery?
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Diagnotic, Treatment, and Cosmetic
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Surgical opening and drainage of an infected area of the breat
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I&D of an abscess
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What are the 4 types of biopsies?
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Needle biopsy, Incisional biopsy, Excisional biopsy, and needle localization & biopsy
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What are the 5 types of mastectomies?
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Partial, Subcutaneous, Simple, Modified radical, and Radical
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What are 2 types of mammoplasties?
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Augmentation and Reduction
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BREAST BIOPSY: Patient is placed in the ___ position, prepped, and draped with the affected breast exposed
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supine
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BREAST BIOPSY: Technologist or assistant retracts the tissue with small rake retractors, such as ___
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Senn retractors
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BREAST BIOPSY: Surgeon grasps the mass with ____
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Allis or Kocher clamps
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BREAST BIOPSY: If the mass is benign, the subcutaneous breast tissue is approximated with ___ and the skin edges are closed with fine sutures or skin staples
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absorbable sutures
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BREAST BIOPSY: If the mass is malignent, the surgeon will close and may or may not proceed with a ___ at this time
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mastectomy
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