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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
State |
State is a territory controlled by an independent govt |
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IGO |
Int'l govt organization Ex: United Nations, NATO, EU |
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NGO |
Non-governmental Organizations Ex: Red Cross, Green Peace, Roman Catholic Church |
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MNC |
Multinational corporations Ex: Walmart, Mcdonalds, BMW |
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Nation State |
It means the kind of state organized by a single nation; seen as the standard form of states in today's global politics Ex: USA-yes, Canada- no, Britain-no, France-yes, Germany-yes, Japan-yes,China-no |
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Multi-national State |
Instability; Multiple nations exisit within a single state Ex: Canada, Britain, China |
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Multi-State Nation |
A nation is divided and forms multiple states Ex: Korea, Germany, Vietnam, Palestine (Islam and Jordan) |
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Stateless Nation |
A nation is divided and lives as the minority in other people's states Ex: Kurds |
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Totalitarianism |
Govt controls all aspects of people's life (social, political, economic); sees maximum oppression of people's freedom; historical examples: Naxi Germany, Soviet Union; Today's Example: North Korea |
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Authoritarianism |
the govt restricts only the people's political rights and freedom; an authoritarian govt is "softer" than a totalitarian govt; Ex: Theocracy, monarchy, military dictatorship, bureaucratic authoritarianism |
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Uni-Polar System |
the world dominated by one power center Ex: Roman Empire & today's USA after the cold war |
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Bi-polar System |
The world divided into 2 power centers as in cold war Ex: Cold War |
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Multi-Polar System |
The world divided into the many power centers; 4 or more; 19th C Europe; 6 European powers |
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Absolutist State |
A state with absolute power invested 1 or more rulers |
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Scramble for Africa |
European countries trying to colonize the smaller African countries in order to expand |
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Spanish-American Civil War |
As a result of this, the US colonized Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines and Guam |
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German Unification |
In 1871 under Otto Von Bismark |
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Long Peace |
From 1815-1914, there was no major war among major European states; had 2 characteristics: multi-polar system and practice of balance of power policy |
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Britain's Splendid Isolation |
Britain played the key role; it worked as a balancer by altering its side flexibility; Policy of no permanent ally |
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Monroe Doctrine |
The 1823 US proclamation to keep Europe out of the Western Hemisphere |
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World War I |
This is where the long peace ended; ww1 started in 1914; European powers were divided into 2 camps: Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria (Italy) Triple Entente: Britain, France, Russia) |
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German Problem |
In late 19th C, Germany's power considerably grew thanks to national unification and industrial evolution; Triple Entente: Anti Germany Coalition |
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Eastern Question |
In the Balkan peninsula, the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) declined, with local ethnic groups demanding political independence; European powers disagreed as to how to fill this political vacuum |
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Russian Revolution |
WWI broke down the Russian Empire; The USSR was established as the first socialist state under the leadership of the Bolsheviks (communist party) |
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Versailles Conference |
In 1919 the winner states held a conference to reconstruct int'l order; US president Woodrow Wilson's leadership; Agreed on the Treaty of Versailles, which applied a harsh punishment to Germany (loss of territories and countries, indemnity) |
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League of Nations |
1920; turned out ineffective partly bc of the US's absence |
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National Self Determination |
Eastern Europe; Dissolution of the Australia Empire |
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Wilsonianism |
Wilson's global visions continue to inform American foreign policy making in various ways until today and are often summarized as wilsonianism |
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WWII |
WW2 was fought b/w axis powers and allied powers in Europe (from 1939) and Asia (from 1941) Axis Powers: Anti-status quo, Germany, Italy, and Japan Allie Powers: Prop-status quo, US, Britain, France, USSR and China |
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Adolf Hitler |
1933: formation of the Nazi's Party's govt w Adolf Hitler as its chancellor (prime minister) |
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Benito Mussolini |
Italy; Fascist party |
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Munich Conference |
Germany (Hitler) demanded the annexation of a part of Czehoslovakia; Britain and France gave in; After the war, many criticized this compromise as having fueled Hitler's ambitions; The British and French strategy is called appeasement |
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Meiji Restoration |
Happened in 1868; ending the traditional rule by Samurai (Shogun); Starting reform to westernize society |
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Manchuria |
1931 Japan invaded Manchuria (northern part of China) and established a puppet state (Manchukoo); 1937, Japan entered a full-scale war w China; Nanjing Massacre |
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Tripartite Pact |
Germany, Italy, and Japan; Japan's domination of all of Asia became a real possibility because of this |
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Hiroshima & Nagasaki |
The US dropped nuclear weapons onto these 2 cities in Japan in 1945 during the final stage of WW2 |
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Four Policeman |
Roosevelt's proposal |
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United Nations |
Established in October 1945 |
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Joseph Stalin |
Leader of the Soviet Union |
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Truman Doctrine |
The 1947 presidential call to aid countries under Communist threat |
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Marshall Plan |
1947 call for massive US aid to war torn Europe |
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Mao Zedong |
leader of the chinese communist party |
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Kim il-SUng |
led North Korea and was backed by the Soviet Union |
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Korean War |
After WW2 it was divided into the 38th parallel, South Korea and North Korea; in June 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea for national unification; the US and People's Republic of China entered the war, the armistice was signed in 1953, but no peace treaty has been agreed |
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NATO |
demonstrates how alliances rise and fall with security threats; global system of alliances |
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Warsaw Pact |
Soviet Union's alliance |
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Cuban Missile Crisis |
Fidel Castro led the Cuban communist revolution in 1959; Assitance from the soviet union; After finding a missile base under construction in Cuba, President Kennedy ordered the US Navy to blockade all maritime transportations to Cuba |
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Ho Chi Minh |
Leader of Vietnam; Communist Vietnamese anti French liberation movement in the 1940s and 50s |
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Vietnam War |
Look at handout |
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Detente |
Lowering of int'l tension; in this time period, at the initiative of Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger, the US tried out cooperative approach to the Soviet Union |
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SALT |
Strategic Arms Limitation Talk treaty; Purpose to cap # of nuclear weapons |
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Sino-US Reconciliation |
The US and Soviet Union agreed on nuclear arms control for the first time; SALT 1 (strategic arms limitation talk treaty); the US and People's Republic of China completed diplomatic reconciliation; Until the, US had no diplomatic relation w PRC bc of the Korean War; President Nixon's visit of Beijing in 1972 |
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US National Security Council |
Colin Powell (1987-89, Reagan); Condoleeza Rice (2001-05, Bush), Susan Rice (2013-now) |
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Perestroika |
In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the new leader and started a major economic and social reform program |
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End of History |
Francis Fukuyama argues that with the collapse of communism, the model of Western liberalism (liberal democracy and market economy) has triumphed, making the world more peaceful |
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Clash of Civilizations |
Samuel Huntington argues that we will see intensifying conflicts b/w different civilizations (cultures); Today's world contains 8 major civilizations: Western Europe & US, Confucian (China), Japanese, Islamic, Hindu (India), Slavic-Orthodox, Latin America, African: 2 serious conflicts: West vs. Islam & West vs. Confucianism |
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New World Order |
George H.W. Bush's foreign policy vision; Key components: commitment to the Us's leadership in global politics & proposal of strengthening the UN |
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Bush Doctrine |
George W. Bush's foreign policy vision; Key components: focus on terrorism, unilateralism, preemptive attack, "Axis of Evil", influence of neo-conservative; neo-conservatism claims that the US should use military forces proactively to promote democracy in the developing world; assumption: democracy is a key source of global peace |