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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Polytheism
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The belief in more than one God (ex: Hinduism)
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Monotheism
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The belief in one God (ex: Christianity)
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Judaism
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Monotheistic Religion (One God)
Holy People: Abraham, Moses, David… Holy Book: The Torah (also known as the Old Testament) Holy Places: Jerusalem (location of the Western Wall) Code of Behavior: The 10 Commandments |
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Christianity
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Monotheistic Religion (One God)
Holy People: Jesus Christ Holy Book: The Bible Holy Places: Jerusalem (location where Jesus was crucified) Code of Behavior: The 10 Commandments |
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Islam
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Monotheistic Religion (One God)
Holy People: Mohammed Holy Book: The Qur'an Holy Places: Jerusalem (location of the Dome of the Rock), Mecca (location of the Kaba), Medina (location of Mohammed’s tomb) Code of Behavior: The 5 pillars |
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Islam’s Five Pillars of Faith
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1: Belief in only one God
2: Daily Prayers (5 times a day) 3: Charity (Muslims have to give 2.5% of their income to charity) 4: Fasting during Ramadan 5: Piligrimmage to Mecca once in their life (called Hajj) |
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Animism
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African belief that everything in nature (animals and plants) have spirits
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Shinto
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Japanese belief that everything in nature (animals and plants) has spirits
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Hinduism
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Polytheisitc Religion (Many Gods)
Holy People: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Ganesh... Holy Book: The Bhagavad Gita Holy Places: Ganges River Code of Behavior: Dharma (if one follows the dharma, one gets good karma and can get reincarnated into a higher caste) |
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Buddhism
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More of a philosophy of life than a religion (no God)
Holy People: The Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) Holy Book: Tipitaka Code of Behavior: The Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Truths (suffering comes from cravings, the only way to not suffer is to stop craving). If one follows the Eightfold Path, one becomes enlightened and can reach Nirvana (the ultimate state of Enlightenment and happiness) |
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Confucianism
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More of a way of life than a religion (no God)
Holy People: Confucius Holy Book: The Analects Holy Places: China Code of Behavior: People have to respect the Five Relationships (particularly filial piety: the respect of parents) |
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Polytheism
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The belief in more than one God (ex: Hinduism)
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Monotheism
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The belief in one God (ex: Christianity)
|
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Judaism
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Monotheistic Religion (One God)
Holy People: Abraham, Moses, David… Holy Book: The Torah (also known as the Old Testament) Holy Places: Jerusalem (location of the Western Wall) Code of Behavior: The 10 Commandments |
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Christianity
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Monotheistic Religion (One God)
Holy People: Jesus Christ Holy Book: The Bible Holy Places: Jerusalem (location where Jesus was crucified) Code of Behavior: The 10 Commandments |
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Islam
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Monotheistic Religion (One God)
Holy People: Mohammed Holy Book: The Qur'an Holy Places: Jerusalem (location of the Dome of the Rock), Mecca (location of the Kaba), Medina (location of Mohammed’s tomb) Code of Behavior: The 5 pillars |
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Islam’s Five Pillars of Faith
|
1: Belief in only one God
2: Daily Prayers (5 times a day) 3: Charity (Muslims have to give 2.5% of their income to charity) 4: Fasting during Ramadan 5: Piligrimmage to Mecca once in their life (called Hajj) |
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Animism
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African belief that everything in nature (animals and plants) have spirits
|
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Shinto
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Japanese belief that everything in nature (animals and plants) has spirits
|
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Hinduism
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Polytheisitc Religion (Many Gods)
Holy People: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Ganesh... Holy Book: The Bhagavad Gita Holy Places: Ganges River Code of Behavior: Dharma (if one follows the dharma, one gets good karma and can get reincarnated into a higher caste) |
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Buddhism
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More of a philosophy of life than a religion (no God)
Holy People: The Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) Holy Book: Tipitaka Code of Behavior: The Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Truths (suffering comes from cravings, the only way to not suffer is to stop craving). If one follows the Eightfold Path, one becomes enlightened and can reach Nirvana (the ultimate state of Enlightenment and happiness) |
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Confucianism
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More of a way of life than a religion (no God)
Holy People: Confucius Holy Book: The Analects Holy Places: China Code of Behavior: People have to respect the Five Relationships (particularly filial piety: the respect of parents) |
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The Neolithic Revolution
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The Neolithic Revolution is the invention of farming.
It led to a food surplus, job specialization and ultimately the development of civilizations. |
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Subsistence Farming
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Producing just enough food for a family’s survival
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Commercial Farming
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Harvesting a surplus of crops to be sold for profit
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Hunters and Gatherers
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Peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival
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Great Rift Valley
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Location in East Africa where early humans first appeared
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Mesopotamia
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Fertile land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers where the first civilizations appeared (also known as the Fertile Crescent)
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Code of Hammurabi
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First code of law in History, written by the Babylonian king Hammurabi (in Mesopotamia).
It promotes harsh punishments (an eye for an eye) and different consequences based on social class. |
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Gupta Empire
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Ancient Indian civilization (India’s Golden Age).
Famous for achievements in arts, literature, sciences, and maths (particularly the invention of the concept of zero and the decimal system) |
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Caste System
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Social Hierarchy in India.
There was very little social mobility (meaning it was almost impossible to move from one social class to another) |
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River Valley Civilizations
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Every ancient civilization developed near rivers (for agriculture)
Mesopotamia - Tigris and Euphrates Egypt - Nile India - Indus and Ganges China - Yellow and Yangtze |
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Shang Dynasty
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First Chinese civilization - they believed in ancestor worship and invented logographs (the Chinese characters, where each character represents a word)
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Qin Dynasty
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Dynasty of the first Emperor of China - Shi Hunagdi. He believed in legalism - the belief that harsh punishments are necessary to create a stable society
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Mandate of Heaven
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Chinese belief that the Emperor receives its power from God (similar to divine right)
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Ancient Athens
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Ancient Greek city-state:
- Invented democracy - Promoted arts, literature, philosophy, and sciences - Became extremely wealthy through trade |
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Ancient Sparta
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Ancient Greek city-state:
- Promoted physical fitness and militarism - Spartan women had more rights than anywhere else in the Ancient World |
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Alexander the Great
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Greek ruler who conquered a huge Empire, from Greece to India.
He spread Hellenistic (Greek) culture with his conquests. |
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Twelve Tables
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Code of Law of the Roman Empire
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Roman Empire
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Huge Empire that controlled the Mediterannean Region for 500 years.
Rome’s legacy is its Republican form of government (people elect representatives to the Senate) and its extensive road system. Rome eventually collapsed because of internal problems (heavy taxes, bad leaders, territory too large to control) and invasions from Germanic tribes. |
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Bantu Migration
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The Bantu people from West Africa migrated to South Africa in search of more food and resources.
They imported their language to South Africa (cultural diffusion) |