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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The metric unit of volume
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liter
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For ease of understanding, scientists report measurements using
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the metric system
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Whether applications of science to everyday life are considered good, bad, right, or wrong comes under the category of
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ethics
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Counts or measurements are examples of data produced by
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quantative research
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This is used in an experiment, to test the effect of the independent variable
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the control group
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In an experiment we form ___________ based on the analysis of data collected in a controlled experiment.
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conclusions
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This is a possible explanation for a scientific question
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hypothesis
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This is a piece of technology that scientist use to make small details of an object visible.
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microscope
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Biologists generally form hypotheses using _______________reasoning.
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deductive
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How do scientists discover a problem or situation that needs to be explained.
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by observing the world around them
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The idea that there has been a gradual change in the characteristics of species over time
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evolution
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Living things adjust to a stimulus by a reaction called a(n)
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response
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Living things change during their lives through _____.
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growth and development
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All living things _____ to make more living things.
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reproduce
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Living things adapt to their surroundings by _____.
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maintaining a steady environment (homeostasis)
responding to other organisms Making adjustments to non-living factors in the environment |
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The study of standards for what is right and what is wrong is called
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ethics
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The information gathered from experiments is called _____.
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data
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A structured procedure for collecting information to test a hypothesis is a(n) _____.
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experiment
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The application of science to the needs and problems of society is _____.
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technology
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The part of an experiment in which all conditions are kept the same is the _____.
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control
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The steps commonly used by scientists in gathering information to test hypotheses and solve problems are called _____.
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scientific method
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A testable explanation for a question or problem is a(n) _____.
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hypothesis
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Because it is often difficult to gather numerical data, _____ research is used.
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descriptive
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_____ research is usually based on numerical measurements.
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quantatitive
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The living and nonliving factors in an organism's surroundings
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environment
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Any structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to better survive in an environment
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adaptation
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An organism's tendency to maintain a stable internal environment
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homostasis
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The series of changes that an organism undergoes during its lifetime
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development
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The process whereby an organism produces more of its own kind
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reproduction
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Over time, gradual changes in structures, behaviors, and internal processes of organisms result in diversity of species.
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evolution
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The first carbon compounds that scientists studied were called _____ compounds because they came from living organisms.
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organic
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How many electrons can a carbon atom share?
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four
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What is an example of a chemical reaction?
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buning paper
cooking an egg photosynthesis respiration |
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Write the formula for 4 different chemical compound.
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This cannot be done in this program. You need to know the formula for water, carbon dioxide, oxygen and glucose
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The nucleus of an atom contains _____.
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protons and neutrons
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Electrons move about the nucleus of an atom in regions called _____.
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electron clouds
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What are the basic building blocks of proteins?
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amino acids
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Carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14 are _____.
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isotopes
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The total number of atoms in a molecule of sucrose.
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This program cannot show the formula. Write the formula and determine the number of atoms.
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Diffusion continues until there is no _____.
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concentration gradient
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Brownian motion is evidence of _____.
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random motion of molecules
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Diffusion continues until there is _____.
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dynamic equilibrium
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An atom of fluorine has nine electrons. Its second energy level has _____.
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seven electrons
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Glucose and fructose, have the same chemical fromula how are they different?
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The arrangement of atoms the is different.
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The various enzymes in our bodies are _____.
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proteins
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Which of the organic compounds can be polymers?
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proteins
carbohydrates nucleic acids |
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Which organic compounds contain high energy bonds that release large amounts of energy when they are broken?
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lipids and carbohydrates
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Which type of organisms do not have cell walls?
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animals
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Folded membranes are an advantage to a cell because _____.
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cell processes can be more efficient
the membranes provide a large surface area the membranes form interconnected compartments |
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All living things are made up of _____.
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cells
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What are the main ideas of the cell theory?
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all organisms are composed of cells
the cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms all cells come from preexisting cells |
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The scientist who first described living cells as seen through a simple microscope was _____.
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van Leeuwenhoek
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One advantage of electron microscopes over light microscopes is their _____.
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higher magnification
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If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a(n) _____.
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eukaryotic cell
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In a chloroplast, the stacks of membranous sacs are called _____.
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grana
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Because cells have a watery environment both inside and outside, the polar ends of the phospholipids in the plasma membrane form ____ layers
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double
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The fluid mosaic model describes a structure with ____.
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polar layers on both inside and outside
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A cell's contents would be the same as its surrounds, were it not for ____.
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selective permeability
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A plasma membrane is made up of a(n) _____.
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lipid bilayer
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Cell structures that contain digestive enzymes
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Lysosomes
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In a cell, the sites of protein synthesis
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Ribosomes
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Organelles where molecules are broken down to release energy
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mitochondria
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The system of foleded membranes that modify proteins and send them to their appropriate destinations.
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Golgi apparatus
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System of highly folded membranes where cellular chemical reactions occur.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Short, numerous, hairlike projections used for locomotion
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Cilia
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Long hair-like projections used for locomotion
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Flagella
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Central membrane bound structure that contains DNA
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Nucleus
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Chlorophyll containing organelle that captures light
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Chloroplast
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Membrane bound organelle used for temporary storage of materials
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Vacuole
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Water moves into a cell placed in a(n) _____ solution.
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hypotonic
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If cells are placed in a strong sugar solution, water will _____.
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pass from the cells to the sugar solution
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A cell moves particles from a region of lesser concentration to a region of greater concentration by _____.
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active transport
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If a cell is placed in salt water, water leaves the cell by _____.
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osmosis
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List 3 types of passive transport?
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facilitated diffusion
diffusion osmosis |
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The structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the _____.
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plasma membrane
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List 3 things that can cause cancer.
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environmental influences
UV radiation viruses |
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A gene is a segment of DNA that controls the production of _____.
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proteins
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A cell's progress from phase to phase during the cell cycle is controlled by ____________.
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a series of enzymes
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If the sides of a cell double in length, its volume increases by _____ times.
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eight
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Why a cell's size is limited?
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Volume increases faster than surface area.
Homeostasis is disrupted by a cell that is too large. |
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What are the main parts of the cell cycle?
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interphase - normal cellular work
Mitosis - nuclear division |
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When people move from one country to another, their cancer rates follow the pattern of _____.
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The country where they live
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What happens in prophase?
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tighter coiling of the chromosomes
breaking down of the nuclear envelope disappearing of the nucleolus |
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Unlike plant cells, animal cells contain _____.
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centrioles
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The longest phase of the cell cycle is _____.
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interphase
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A chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber by the _____.
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centromere
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Levels of organization from simplest to most complex.
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cell
tissue organ organ system oragnism |
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movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration
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diffusion
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continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration
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dynamic equilibrium
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release of wastes or cell products from inside to outside a cell
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exocytosis
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a cell engulfs particles and brings them into the cytoplasm
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endocytosis
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diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane
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osmosis
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The main energy-trapping molecule in plants is _____.
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chlorophyll
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Energy from sunlight is trapped by chlorophyll located in the _____.
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thylakoid membranes
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Chlorophyll traps _____ from sunlight.
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energy
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A green pigment that traps energy from sunlight is _____.
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chlorophyll
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Energy is released from ATP when the bond is broken between _____.
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two phosphate groups
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Organisms need a way of storing energy because _____.
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a cell can't always immediately use all the energy it gets
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In order to move molecules in your kidneys, your body needs _____.
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energy
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Kidneys use energy to move molecules and ions in order to keep the blood chemically balanced. This process is an example of cells using energy to _____.
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maintain homeostasis
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Write the equation for photosynthesis.
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This cannot be done in this program.
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Cells store energy when _____.
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a third phosphate group is bonded to an ADP molecule to make ATP
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The energy in glucose cannot be released by _____.
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photosynthesis - Photosynthesis makes glucose it cannot break glucose
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Leaves appear green because the green portion of the light that strikes them is _____.
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reflected
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Some bacteria that are adapted to live without oxygen combine carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce _____.
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methane
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